[PDF] Camcar Socket Screw Technical Manual

1 Camcar Socket Screw Technical Manual2 Camcar Socket Screws Founded on Innovation and Technical Expertise The Camcar br...

Camcar® Socket Screw Technical Manual

Camcar® Socket Screws Founded on Innovation and Technical Expertise The Camcar brand began in 1943, cold forming a component others said “couldn't be made”. From that manufacturing innovation – the Raycarl® cold forming process – to the TORX PLUS® Drive System and other leading-edge products, the Camcar name has become synonymous with outstanding fastening solutions. WARRANTY

STANLEY Engineered Fastening makes no warranty, express or implied, except that goods sold by description, sample or model shall substantially conform to the description, sample or model, and in such case, the responsibility of STANLEY Engineered Fastening shall be limited to the replacement of nonconforming goods returned to STANLEY Engineered Fastening within one month after delivery to Buyer (f.o.b. at point of delivery to carrier), provided that such goods have been solely used for the purpose for which manufactured. All replaced goods are to be returned to Infastech after receiving authorization from Infastech. This warranty does not apply when any physical or chemical change in the form of the product is made by the Buyer or any other party. There are no warranties which extend beyond the description stated herein. Infastech shall not otherwise be liable for any costs or expenses incurred in the replacement of any defective or nonconforming products and in no event shall STANLEY Engineered Fastening be liable for incidental or consequential damages. The foregoing warranty and such other warranties made by STANLEY Engineered Fastening, as are expressly stated herein, are specifically in lieu of any other warranties, express or implied, including the implied warranties of merchantability and ﬁtness for a particular purpose. The selection of a product for a particular application or use is the responsibility of the customer. The applications engineers at Decorah Operations are available to assist customers in selecting the appropriate product for a particular application or use. All warranties are void if the product is plated or modiﬁed in any manner by any person other than STANLEY Engineered Fastening. STANLEY Engineered Fastening has strived for total accuracy throughout this engineering manual. However, STANLEY Engineered Fastening shall not be liable or responsible for any typographical errors that may occur. If any questions arise as to the accuracy within this catalog, please contact the applications engineers at Decorah Operations. Decorah Operations 1304 Kerr Drive • Decorah, IA 52101-2494 Phone: (563) 382-4216 Fax: (563) 387-3326

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About this Manual This technical manual is designed to provide easy access to the required dimensional, mechanical and application information specific to Camcar Socket Screw products. Every effort has been made to include the most up-to-date information and to ensure its accuracy. However, since product and dimensional data for standard products can change over time, you can contact the Applications Department at Decorah Operations to ensure you have the latest information. STANLEY Engineered Fastening will not be responsible or liable for the misapplication or misuse of the products or information contained in this manual. All warranties are void if the product is plated or modified in any manner not under the control of STANLEY Engineered Fastening. The inclusion of dimensional data, such as consecutive length designations, is not intended to imply that all diameters and lengths shown are available as stock items. Customers should consult their local key distributor or the sales service representatives at Decorah Operations for stock availability. For applications assistance or questions on specific fastening requirements, please contact the applications specialists at STANLEY Engineered Fastening Decorah Operations at 1-563-382-4216. The following ANSI/ASME standards, in part or in whole, are reprinted with the permission of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers: B1.1, B2.2, B18.3, B18.8.2, B18.13, B1.13M, B18.3.1M, B18.3.2M, B18.3.3M, B18.3.4M, 818,3.5M, and B18.3.6M. ASTM A 574 and A 574M reprinted, with permission, from the annual book of ASTM standards.

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Camcar® Socket Screws

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Table of contents General Information on Camcar® Socket Screws..................................... 6 Drive System Selection.............................................................................. 8

Inch Socket Screws Fastener Standards.................................................................................... 9 Thread Designations and Fits.................................................................. 10 Thread Standards.....................................................................................12 Socket Head Cap Screws..........................................................................13 Socket Head Shoulder Screws................................................................. 21 Socket Button Head Cap Screws............................................................. 23 Socket Flange Button Head Cap Screws................................................. 25 Socket Low Head Cap Screws................................................................. 26 Socket Flat Countersunk Head Cap Screws ........................................... 28 Socket Set Screws.................................................................................... 32 Hardened Ground Machine Dowel Pins................................................. 36 Keys and Bits – Hex Drive........................................................................ 38 Keys and Bits – TORX PLUS® Drive.......................................................... 40

Metric Socket Screws Fastener Standards.................................................................................. 43 M Profile Thread Dimensions.................................................................. 45 Socket Head Cap Screws......................................................................... 46 Socket Button Head Cap Screws .............................................................51 Socket Flat Countersunk Head Cap Screws............................................ 53 Socket Set Screws.................................................................................... 57 Keys and Bits – Hex Drive........................................................................ 60 Keys and Bits – TORX PLUS Drive............................................................ 62

Appendix Overview of Fastener Joint Design......................................................... 64 Diameter/Thread Pitch Comparison....................................................... 66 Tapping Recommendations ................................................................... 67 Hex Drive Gaging – Inch/Metric.............................................................. 68 TORX PLUS Drive Gaging – Inch/Metric.................................................. 72 Fastener Strengths/Grade Markings....................................................... 73 Hardness Value Conversions....................................................................74 Decarburization and Discontinuity Limits – Inch/Metric....................... 75 Alloy Elements......................................................................................... 77 Corrosion Resistance and Platings.......................................................... 78 Nylon Locking Elements.......................................................................... 79 Glossary of Terms.................................................................................... 80 Index of Tables......................................................................................... 82 -5-

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Company Overview Camcar® Socket Screws At STANLEY Engineered Fastening, there’s the pride in designing, producing and delivering superior products you would expect from the industry’s leading innovator. That pride, combined with the latest fastener technology and engineering expertise, provides you with one of the most reliable sources of socket screw products in the industry today. STANLEY Engineered Fastening is committed to offering a broad range of socket screw products, including inch and metric sizes, TORX PLUS® Drive and hex drive systems, and tooling. Also, STANLEY Engineered Fastening can supply you with innovative socket screw specials or socket screw products for high-temperature or corrosive environments. Any products not shown in this handbook may be considered specials. Please contact the application specialists at Decorah Operations for design assistance or further information. Commitment to Quality All Camcar socket screws are made from carefully selected and analyzed raw material, and critically inspected during the manufacturing processes. We utilize both Statistical Process control and Quality at the Source methods to ensure our socket screws meet your quality requirements. Each manufacturing lot is assigned an identification number to give you complete traceability in the finished product. Also, many Camcar socket screw products are marked with the “Camcar” name for further assurance of the manufacturing source. ISO/TS 16949:2009 Registration Our STANLEY Engineered Fastening Decorah facility has been assessed and registered by Intertek as conforming to the requirements of ISO/TS 16949:2009: Manufacture of Threaded Cold Formed Fasteners and Metal Components. It has been audited in accordance with the “Rules for achieving IATF recognition 3rd Edition for ISO/TS 16949:2009”, including International manufacturing, heat treat and plating. Automotive IATF Certificate Number: 0179164 Certificate Number: 2014-0006 Initial Certification Date: 6 February 2014 Certificate Issue Date: 6 February 2014 Certificate Expiry Date: 5 February 2017

Task Force

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Camcar Socket Screws available around the World The broad Camcar socket screw product line is readily available through our network of key distributors. Our key distributors can offer your company: • full STANLEY Engineered Fastening product line, including socket screws, TORX PLUS® Drive, TAPTITE®, Crest Cup and Crimptite® fasteners, fasteners for plastics, cold formed specials and more • wide array of industrial products and supplies for your operations; • timely local service in order to meet your specific needs • customized stocking and JIT programs to satisfy the individual requirements of your company • design assistance for problem applications • reduced purchasing accounting and inventory costs While this engineering manual does not include prices, a price catalog is available from either STANLEY Engineered Fastening or an authorized stocking distributor.

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Camcar® Socket Screws Materials Camcar socket screw products are manufactured from a medium carbon steel, unless otherwise noted. To achieve desired results, one or more alloying elements, such as manganese, phosphorous, molybdenum, silicon, sulfur or boron can be added. Alloying elements allow for strength, ductility, toughness or improved responsiveness to heat treating. All heats of medium carbon steel are checked by STANLEY Engineered Fastening and an independent lab to ensure compliance with application specifications.

Cold Forming Operations Most Camcar socket screws are cold formed. The STANLEY Engineered Fastening cold forming process provides an uninterrupted grain flow through the part, and when complemented with the thread rolling process including radius root run-out threads, improves manufacturing efficiency and reduces scrap material for lower costs. Inside • In high-strength applications, the bearing surface provides high load capacity without compression of the bearing surface material • Smooth fillet at head-shank provides uninterrupted grain flow • Roll formed threads are smoother and more consistent, when compared to machined threads • Radius root threads precision rolled to UNRC and UNRF Class 3A Standard Outside • Deep, straight-sided forged sockets are precisely centered in the head • Radiused corners reduce stress concentrations • Chamfered head perimeter with smooth burr-free finish • Deep straight knurls ease turning by hand

Drive System Availability STANLEY Engineered Fastening is committed to offering the marketplace the high performance in fastening solutions. As such, many of our most popular socket screw products are available with the TORX PLUS® Drive System along with the hex drive system. See how the two drives compare on the following page.

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Drive System Selection There are several issues impacting proper drive system selection which must be reviewed prior to specification, including: • Does the drive system’s torque capabilities meet the requirements of my application? • Will the drive system withstand the high torque levels used in fastening socket screws? • Is the required tooling readily available? • Will I need separate tooling for inch and metric screws? • Will the drive system enhance my overall operations? In order to answer these questions, it is important to compare the available drive systems. The TORX PLUS® Drive System Developed as an improvement of the original TORX® Drive System, the TORX PLUS Drive consistently outperforms hex and other commonly-used drive systems. Used in virtually every industrialized nation in a multitude of industries, the TORX PLUS Drive System can enhance product reliability, increase productivity, and reduce total assembly costs. The TORX PLUS Drive System offers a 100% improvement in driver bit fatigue life and a 25% average improvement in driver bit torsional strength. In addition, its unique design provides optimum torque transfer and eliminates the need for excessive end load pressure while driving the fastener. The TORX PLUS configuration also virtually eliminates tool camout and slippage that can damage the head of the fastener and cause reduced tool life.

TORX PLUS Drive System vs. Hex Drive The hex drive has weaknesses inherent in its design which can cause problems during assembly. The engagement of the hex drive tool to the recess produces highly concentrated stress at the six corners of the drive tool (see below). Hex Drive

points of contact cause stress risers to develop

contact points round off from driving pressure

With the hex drive, tool and fastener damage is common

TORX PLUS Drive

lobe engagement

broad contact surface for driving The TORX PLUS Drive virtually eliminates tool or fastener damage during installation and removal

This stress at the thin cross-sectional areas of the fastener crushes the corners of the hex tool. This reduces the amount of wrenching engagement, causing reamed socket recesses and/or damaged socket tooling. This type of failure with the hex drive system is so common, it is often accepted as normal practice. The TORX PLUS Drive System features deep engaging lobes with broad contact surfaces that spread out driving forces, preventing stress risers from forming. This minimizes damage to the drive tool and fastener, resulting in longer tool life. Customers have reported driving 2 to 10 times more fasteners per drive tool after switching to the TORX PLUS Drive. TORX PLUS Drive Tooling Availability TORX PLUS Drive tools are readily available throughout the world from licensed manufacturers and authorized distributors. Your existing tooling suppliers and STANLEY Engineered Fastening also carry TORX PLUS Drive tools, in many standard styles and sizes to meet your installation requirements. For service in the field, TORX PLUS Drive fasteners can be removed and reinstalled using commonly available TORX PLUS Drive or TORX Drive tooling. However, in order to fully realize the benefits of the TORX PLUS Drive, including extended bit life, TORX PLUS Drive tools should be used. -8-

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Inch Socket Screw Standards Camcar® inch socket screw products are manufactured to meet the specified ANSI/ASME B18 standards and tested to meet the specified ASTM standards, unless otherwise noted.

Contents – Inch Size Specifications ANSI/ASME B18.3

Page No. 13 – 20

Socket Head Shoulder Screws

B18.3

21 – 22

Socket Button Head Cap Screws

B18.3

23 – 25

Socket Low Head Cap Screws

B18.3

26 – 27

Socket Flat Countersunk Head Cap Screws

B18.3

28 – 31

Socket Set Screws

B18.3

32 – 35

Hardened Ground Machine Dowel Pins

B18.8.2

36 – 37

Hex Keys and Bits

B18.3

38 – 39

Socket Head Screws

TORX PLUS Drive Keys and Bits ®

40 – 41

Related Standards ANSI/ASME B1.1..................................... Unified Inch Screw Threads (UN and UNR Thread Form) B1.2........................................................Gage and Gaging for Unified Screw Threads B1.3................................................................................. Screw Thread Gaging System B1.7..................... Nomenclature, Definitions and Letter Symbols for Screw Threads B18.3................................................................. Socket Cap, Shoulder and Set Screws B18.8.2............................................................Machine Pins (Dowel, Taper, Grooved) B18.12..................................................... Glossary of Terms for Mechanical Fasteners B18.13............................................................... Screw and Washer Assemblies – Sems B46.1.................................................................................................... Surface Texture ASTM A 574................................................................... Alloy Steel Socket Head Cap Screws F835............................................ Alloy Steel Button Head and Flat Head Cap Screws F837................................................................Stainless Steel Socket Head Cap Screws F912................................................................................ Alloy Steel Socket Set Screws

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Thread Designations and Fits - Inch Sizes The basic method of designating a screw thread is used where the standard tolerances or limits of size based on the standard length of engagement are applicable. The designation specifies in sequence the nominal size, number of threads per inch, thread series symbol, and thread class symbol. The nominal size is the basic major diameter and is specified as the fractional diameter, screw number, or their decimal equivalent. When decimal equivalents are used for size call-out, they shall be interpreted as being nominal size designation only and shall have no dimensional significance beyond the fractional size or number designation. Examples: 1/4-20 UNRC-24A or 0.250-20 UNRC-2A 7/16-20 UNRF-2A or 0.4375-20 UNRF-2A

10-32 UNRF-2A or 0.190-32 UNRF-2A 2-12 UN-2A or 2.000-12 UN-2A

For uncoated standard series threads, these designations may optionally be supplemented by the addition of the pitch diameter limits of size. Example: 1/4-20 UNRC-2A PD 0.2164-0.2127 (Optional for uncoated threads) Designating Coated Threads: For coated (or plated) Class 14 external threads, the basic (max) major and basic (max) pitch diameters are given followed by the words AFTER COATING. The major and pitch diameter limits of size before coating are also given followed by the words BEFORE COATING. Example: 3/4-10 UNRC-2A * Major dia. 0.7500 max AFTER COATING PD 0.6850 max

Major dia. 0.7482 – 0.7353 BEFORE COATING PD 0.6832 – 0.6773 †

* Major and PD values are equal to basic and correspond to those for Class 3A. † Major and PD limits are Class 2A.

Certain applications require an allowance for rapid assembly, to permit application of a proper lubricant, or for residual growth due to high temperature expansion. In those applications when the thread is coated and 2A allowance is not permitted to be consumed by such coating, the thread class symbol is qualified by the addition of the letter G (old symbol for allowance) following the class symbol; the maximum major and maximum pitch diameters are reduced below basic size by the amount of the 2A allowance and followed by the words AFTER COATING, thereby insuring that the allowance is maintained. The major and pitch diameter limits of size before coating shall also be given followed by SPL and BEFORE COATING. Coarse Thread Series: The coarse thread series (UNC/UNRC) is generally used for bulk production of screws, bolts, and nuts. It is commonly used in relatively low strength materials such as cast iron, aluminum, magnesium, brass, bronze, and plastic, because the coarse series threads provide more resistance to internal thread stripping than the fine or extrafine series. Coarse series threads are advantageous where rapid assembly or disassembly is required, or if corrosion or damage from nicks due to handling or use is likely.

major dia. pitch dia.

pitch axis of screw thread minor dia.

Fine Thread Series: The fine threads series (UNF/UNRF) is commonly used for bolts and nuts in high strength applications. This series has less thread depth and a larger minor diameter than coarse series thread. Consequently, more strength is available to external threads than for coarse series threads of the same nominal size. For both fine and Unified Thread (External) coarse series threads, length of engagement in tapped holes must be selected to meet strength requirements. Fine series threads have less tendency to loosen under vibration than coarse series threads, because they provide a higher load capability.

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Thread Designations and Fits - Inch Sizes Thread Classes (see Tables I-1 and I-2 on following page): Thread classes are distinguished from each other by the amounts of tolerance and allowance. Classes 2A and 3A apply to external threads only. Allowance is specified only for Class 2A. Tolerance decreases as class number increases (e.g., tolerance for Class 3A is less than that for Class 2A). Class 2A threads are the most commonly used for general applications, including production of bolts, screws, nuts, and similar threaded fasteners. The maximum diameters of Class 2A uncoated threads are less than basic by the amount of the allowance, The allowance minimizes galling and seizing in high-cycle wrench assembly, or it can be used to accommodate plated finishes or other coating. However, for threads with additive finish, the maximum diameters of Class 2A may be exceeded by the amount of the allowance; i.e., the 2A maximum diameters apply to an unplated part or to a part before plating, whereas the basic diameters (the 2A maximum diameter plus allowance) apply to a part after plating. Class 3A threads provide for applications where closeness of fit and or accuracy of thread elements are important. The maximum diameters of Class 3A threads, whether or not plated or coated, are basic, affording no allowance or clearance for assembly at maximum-material limits. Allowance: Allowance is specified only for Class 2A external threads. For Class 2A threads, the allowance may be used to accommodate plating or coating. Allowance is based on Class 2A pitch diameter tolerance for the respective series standard length of engagement and is applicable for all lengths of engagement. Coated Threads: It is not within the scope of the ANSI/ASME Standard to make recommendations for thickness of, or to specify limits for, coatings. However, it will aid mechanical interchangeability if certain principles are followed wherever conditions permit. Only in Class 2A threads is the allowance available to accommodate coatings. Thus, in all other classes of threads, limits of size must be adjusted before plating to provide suitable provision for the desired coating. Unless otherwise specified, size limits for standard external thread Class 2A apply prior to coating. The external thread allowance may thus be used to accommodate the coating thickness on coated pans, provided that the maximum coating thickness is no more than one-fourth of the allowance. Where the external thread has no allowance, or allowance must be maintained after coating, and for standard internal threads, sufficient allowance must be provided prior to coating to assure pitch pitch that finished product threads do not exceed the maximum dia. dia. pitch after before material limits specified. coating

coating

axis of screw thread

For additional information on inch screw threads, refer to ANSI/ASME B1.1 (Unified Screw Threads).

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Thread Standards - Inch Sizes

major dia. pitch dia.

pitch axis of screw thread minor dia.

Unified Thread (External)

Table I-1: Unified Series Class 3A Coarse Series Threads Nominal per Inch Size UNRC 0 1 64 2 56 3 48 4 40 5 40 6 32 8 32 10 24 1/4 20 5/16 18 3/8 16 7/16 14 1/2 13 5/8 11 3/4 10 7/8 9 1 8

Pitch Dia. max.

Major Dia.

min.

0.0629 0.0744 0.0855 0.0958 0.1088 0.1177 0.1437 0.1629 0.21785 0.2764 0.3344 0.3911 0.4500 0.5660 0.6850 0.8028 0.9188

0.0614 0.0728 0.0838 0.0939 0.1069 0.1156 0.1415 0.1604 0.2147 0.2734 0.3311 0.3876 0.4463 0.5619 0.6806 0.7981 0.9137

Fine Series

max.

0.0730 0.0860 0.0990 0.1120 0.1250 0.1380 0.1640 0.1900 0.2500 0.3125 0.3750 0.4375 0.5000 0.6250 0.7500 0.8750 1.0000

min.

0.0692 0.0819 0.0945 0.1069 0.1199 0.1320 0.1580 0.1828 0.2419 0.3038 0.3656 0.4272 0.4891 0.6129 0.73714 0.8611 0.9850

Max. Minor Dia. ref.

0.0544 0.0648 0.0741 0.0822 0.0952 0.1008 0.1268 0.1404 0.1905 0.2464 0.3005 0.3525 0.4084 0.5168 0.6309 0.7427 0.8512

Threads per Inch UNRF 80 72 64 56 48 44 40 36 32 28 24 24 20 20 18

Pitch Dia.

Major Dia.

Max. Minor Dia.

max.

min.

max.

min.

ref.

0.0519 0.0640 0.0759 0.0874 0.0985 0.1102 0.1208 0.1460 0.1697 0.2268 0.2854 0.3479 0.4050 0.4675 0.5889

0.0506 0.0626 0.0744 0.0858 0.0967 0.1083 0.1198 0.1439 0.1674 0.2243 0.2827 0.3450 0.4019 0.4643 0.5854

0.0600 0.0730 0.0860 0.0990 0.1120 0.1250 0.1380 0.1640 0.1900 0.2500 0.3125 0.3750 0.4375 0.5000 0.6250

0.0568 0.0695 0.0822 0.0949 0.1075 0.1202 0.1329 0.1585 0.1840 0.2435 0.3053 0.3678 0.4294 0.4919 0.6163

0.0451 0.0565 0.0674 0.0778 0.0871 0.0979 0.1082 0.1309 0.1528 0.2074 0.2629 0.3254 0.3780 0.4405 0.5589

Table I-2: Unified Series Class 2A Coarse Series Threads Nominal per Inch Size UNRC 1-1/4 7 1-1/2 6

Pitch Dia.

Fine Series

Major Dia.

Max. Minor Dia.

max.

min.

max.

min.

ref.

1.1550 1.3893

1.1476 1.3812

1.2478 1.4976

1.2314 1.4794

1.0777 1.2992

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Threads per Inch Pitch Dia. UNRF max. min. 12 1.1941 1.1879 12 1.4440 1.4376

Major Dia.

Max. Minor Dia.

max.

min.

ref.

1.2482 1.4981

1.2368 1.4867

1.1490 1.3989

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Socket Head Cap Screws 1960 Series - Inch Sizes H

L R

20°

A T

Table I-3: Dimensions of Hex and TORX PLUS® Socket Head Cap Screws D

Nom. Size 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 1/4 5/16 3/8 7/16 1/2 5/8 3/4 7/8 1 1-1/4 1-1/2

Basic Screw Dia. 0.0600 0.0730 0.0860 0.0990 0.1120 0.1250 0.1380 0.1640 0.1900 0.2500 0.3125 0.3750 0.4375 0.5000 0.6250 0.7500 0.8750 1.0000 1.2500 1.5000

Body Dia.

Head Dia.

Head Height

max.

min.

max.

min.

max.

min.

0.0600 0.0730 0.0860 0.0990 0.1120 0.1250 0.1380 0.1640 0.1900 0.2500 0.3125 0.3750 0.4375 0.5000 0.6250 0.7500 0.8750 1.0000 1.2500 1.5000

0.0568 0.0695 0.0822 0.0949 0.1075 0.1202 0.1329 0.1585 0.1840 0.2435 0.3053 0.3678 0.4294 0.4919 0.6163 0.7406 0.8467 0.9886 1.2336 1.4818

0.096 0.118 0.140 0.161 0.183 0.205 0.226 0.270 0.312 0.375 0.469 0.562 0.656 0.750 0.938 1.125 1.312 1.500 1.875 2.250

0.091 0.112 0.134 0.154 0.176 0.198 0.218 0.262 0.303 0.365 0.457 0.550 0.642 0.735 0.921 1.107 1.293 1.479 1.852 2.224

0.060 0.073 0.086 0.099 0.112 0.125 0.138 0.164 0.190 0.250 0.312 0.375 0.438 0.500 0.625 0.750 0.875 1.000 1.250 1.500

0.057 0.070 0.083 0.095 0.108 0.121 0.134 0.159 0.185 0.244 0.306 0.368 0.430 0.492 0.616 0.740 0.864 0.988 1.236 1.485

Notes For Socket Head Cap Screws: 1. Head Chamfer: The head shall be chamfered at an angle with the plane of the top of the head. The edge between the top of the head and the chamfer may be slightly rounded. 2. Bearing Surface: The plane of the bearing surface shall be perpendicular to the axis of the screw within a maximum deviation of 1°. 3. Edge of Head: The edge between the bearing surface and the side of the head may be broken (rounded or chamfered) but the radius or chamfer measured along the bearing surface shall not exceed the values listed for “K”.

A I TORX PLUS Recess Key Drive Dim. Engmt. ref. min. Size 6IP 0.069 0.027 7IP 0.081 0.036 8IP 0.094 0.037 8IP 0.094 0.041 10IP 0.111 0.049 10IP 0.111 0.049 15IP 0.132 0.058 25IP 0.178 0.078 27IP 0.200 0.088 30IP 0.221 0.097 45IP 0.312 0.137 50IP 0.352 0.155 55IP 0.446 0.202 55IP 0.446 0.202 70IP 0.619 0.291 80IP 0.699 0.332 100IP 0.882 0.425 100IP 0.882 0.425

Hex Wall Chamfer Hex Socket Key Thickor Size Engmt. ness Radius nom.

dec.

min.

max.

1/16 5/64 5/64 3/32 3/32 7/64 9/64 5/32 3/16 1/4 5/16 3/8 3/8 1/2 5/8 3/4 3/4 7/8 1

0.050 0.062 0.078 0.078 0.094 0.094 0.109 0.141 0.156 0.188 0.250 0.312 0.375 0.375 0.500 0.625 0.750 0.750 0.875 1.000

0.025 0.031 0.038 0.044 0.051 0.057 0.064 0.077 0.090 0.120 0.151 0.182 0.213 0.245 0.307 0.370 0.432 0.495 0.620 0.745

0.020 0.025 0.029 0.034 0.038 0.043 0.047 0.056 0.065 0.095 0.119 0.143 0.166 0.190 0.238 0.285 0.333 0.380 0.475 0.570

0.007 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.020 0.020 0.020

5. Body: The term body refers to the unthreaded portion of the shank for screws not threaded to the head. 6. Head Diameter: Heads may be plain or knurled at the option of the manufacturer, unless specified by the customer. For knurled screws, the maximum head diameter shall be measured across the tops of the knurl portion, or the diameter across the tops of the knurls for those screws not having an knurled portion, just above the radius or chamfer at the bottom edge of the head.

4. Nominal Size: Where specifying nominal size in decimals, zeros preceding decimal and the fourth decimal place shall be omitted.

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Socket Head Cap Screws 1960 Series - Inch Sizes 7. Concentricity a. The head shall be concentric with the shank within 1% of the basic screw diameter, “D” maximum (2% of total run-out) or 0.006" total run-out, whichever is greater, when held within one diameter of the head, but beyond the fillet. b. The socket shall be concentric with the shank within 1-1/2 percent of the basic screw diameter, “D” maximum (3 percent of total run-out) or 0.0005" total runout, whichever is greater, for sizes through 1/2" and 3 percent (6 percent of total runout) for sizes above 1/2". Table I-4: Dimensions of c. Total run-out between thread, body, and head: screws shall assemble Underhead Fillets into a compound hole that is threaded at one end to the basic thread F FL R size (3B minimum) for a length equivalent to 1.5D, counterbored at Nom. Fillet Fillet Juncture the other end to diameter HD listed in Table I-7, and whose center Screw Extension Length Radius portion is equal to SD. Diameters SD and HD shall be concentric with max. min. Size max. min. the axis of the thread. The length of the center portion shall be equal 0 0.007 0.003 0.012 0.002 to the screw length minus two screw diameters (2D). The starting 1 0.007 0.003 0.012 0.003 thread shall be chamfered and the junction between diameters HD 2 0.008 0.004 0.014 0.003 and SD shall be rounded to a value equal to “F” maximum. 3 0.008 0.004 0.014 0.004 8. Fillet: For all lengths of screws, the form of the underhead fillet shall 4 0.009 0.005 0.015 0.004 be optional, as depicted in the illustration above Table I-4, provided 5 0.010 0.006 0.017 0.005 it is a smooth and continuous concave curve fairing into the bearing 6 0.010 0.006 0.017 0.005 surface of the head, and the screw shank is within the envelope established by the limits for fillet extension, length and juncture 8 0.012 0.007 0.020 0.006 radius specified in Table I-4. 10 0.014 0.009 0.024 0.006 1/4 0.014 0.009 0.024 0.007 Standard Lengths 9. Length: The length of the screw is the 5/16 0.017 0.012 0.029 0.009 distance measured on a line parallel to the Nom. Nom. Standard 3/8 0.020 0.015 0.034 0.012 axis, from the plane of the bearing surface Screw Screw Length 7/16 0.023 0.018 0.039 0.014 Size Length Increment under the head to the plane of the flat of the point. It includes the threads and the 1/2 0.026 0.020 0.044 0.016 1/8 thru 1/4 1/16 body. The basic length dimension on the 5/8 0.032 0.024 0.054 0.021 1/4 thru 1 1/8 product shall be nominal length expressed 0 to 1" 1 thru 3-1/2 3/4 0.039 0.030 0.066 0.025 1/4 incl. as a two-place decimal. 7/8 0.044 0.034 0.075 0.031 3-1/2 thru 7 1/2 1 0.050 0.040 0.085 0.034 7 thru 10 1 10. Standard Lengths: The standard length increments for socket head cap screws 1-1/4 0.060 0.050 0.102 0.044 1 thru 7 1/2 over should be as shown to the right. 1" 1-1/2 0.070 0.060 0.119 0.052 7 thru 10 1 11. Length Tolerances: The allowable tolerance on length should be as shown to the lower right. Length Tolerances 12. Threads: Threads should be Unified External Threads with 0 thru 7/16 7/8 thru radius root Class 3A UNRC and UNRF Series for Screw sizes Nom. Screw Size 3/8 thru 3/4 1-1/2 incl. incl. incl. 0 (0.060") through 1"; Class 2A UNRC and UNRF Series for sizes over 1" and up to and including 1-1/2". Acceptability of Nom. Screw Length Tolerance on Length screw threads are based upon System 22, ANSI/ ASME B1.3. Up to 1", incl. -0.03 -0.03 -0.05 Camcar standard socket head cap screws have UNR root Over 1" to 2-1/2", incl. -0.04 -0.06 -0.10 radius threads to improve overall resistance to fatigue, since Over 2-1/2" to 6", incl. -0.06 -0.08 -0.14 it reduces the potential of stress risers. Over 6" -0.12 -0.12 -0.20 Plating Allowance: Class 3A thread standards do not provide a plating allowance. When plated socket screws are required, it is recommended that STANLEY Engineered Fastening be contacted for plating allowance recommendations. Radiused Run-out Threads: Incomplete threads which are within one or two pitch lengths of the underside of the head, per ANSI B1.1.

13. Thread Length LT: The length of the thread is measured, parallel to the axis of the screw, from the extreme point to the last complete (full-form) thread. The thread length on socket head cap screws are defined by Table I-6, page 16 and the notes stated. 14. Screw Point Chamfer: The point should be flat or slightly concave and chamfered. The plane of the point shall be approximately normal to the axis of the screw. The chamfer should extend slightly below the root of the thread, and the edge between the flat and chamfer may be slightly rounded. The included angle of the point should be approximately 90°. Chamfering of screw sizes up to and including size 8 (0.164") and lengths below 0.751" shall be optional. - 14 -

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Socket Head Cap Screws 1960 Series - Inch Sizes 15. Designation: TORX PLUS Drive and Hex Socket Head Cap Screws should be designated by the following data in the sequence shown: nominal size (number, fraction or decimal equivalent) threads per inch; length (fractional or decimal equivalent); product name; material and plating, if required. Example: #6 x 0.75 TORX PLUS Drive Socket Head Cap Screw, Alloy Steel Zinc Plated

16. Grip Length LG: Grip length is the distance, measured parallel to the axis of the screw, from the bearing surface of the head to the first complete (full-form) thread under the head. The part being clamped must not be thinner than the Grip Length (LG), in order to ensure the screw can be properly seated. 17. Body Length LB: Body length is the length, measured parallel to the axis of the screw, of the unthreaded portion of the shank.

Table I-5: Body and Grip Length Nom. Size Nom. Length 3/4 7/8 1 1-1/4 1-1/2 1-3/4 2 2-1/4 2-1/2 2-3/4 3 Nom. Size Nom. Length 1-1/2 1-3/4 2 2-1/4 2-1/2 2-3/4 3 3-1/4 3-1/2 3-3/4 4 4-1/4 4-1/2 4-3/4 5 5-1/4 5-1/2 5-3/4 6 6-1/4 6-1/2 6-3/4 7 7-1/4 7-1/2 7-3/4 8

2 LB

0.25 0.19 0.25 0.19 0.25 0.17 0.25 0.50 0.44 0.25 0.17 0.25 0.75 0.69 0.62 0.55 0.62 0.88 0.80 0.88 1.12

1/4

5/16

0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.50 1.50 2.00 2.00 2.50 2.50 3.00 3.00 3.50 3.50 4.00

0.25 0.25 0.75 0.75 1.25 1.25 1.75 1.75 2.25 2.25 2.75 2.75 3.25 3.25 3.75

0.16 0.16 0.54 0.79 1.04

0.25 0.25 0.62 0.88 1.12 1.38

0.15 0.15 0.52 0.77 1.02 1.27

3/8

7/16

0.62 0.62 1.12 1.12 1.62 1.62 2.12 2.12 2.62 2.62 3.12 3.12 3.62 3.62 4.12 4.12 4.62 4.62 5.12

0.35 0.35 0.85 0.85 1.35 1.35 1.85 1.85 2.35 2.35 2.85 2.85 3.35 3.35 3.85 3.85 4.35 4.35 4.85

0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.50 1.50 2.00 2.00 2.50 2.50 3.00 3.00 3.50 3.50 4.00 4.00 4.50 4.50 5.00 5.00 5.50 5.50 6.00 6.00

0.19 0.19 0.69 0.69 1.19 1.19 1.69 1.69 2.19 2.19 2.69 2.69 3.19 3.19 3.69 3.69 4.19 4.19 4.69 4.69 5.19 5.19 5.69 5.69

0.62 0.62 1.12 1.12 1.62 1.62 2.12 2.12 2.62 2.62 3.12 3.12 3.62 3.62 4.12 4.12 4.62 4.62 5.12 5.12 5.62 5.62 6.12 6.12 6.62

0.27 0.27 0.77 0.77 1.27 1.27 1.77 1.77 2.27 2.27 2.77 2.77 3.27 3.27 3.77 3.77 4.27 4.27 4.77 4.77 5.27 5.27 5.77 5.77

5 LB

6 LB

8 LB

10 LB

0.25 0.12 0.25 0.12 0.25 0.12 0.25 0.12 0.50 0.34 0.38 0.22 0.75 0.62 0.75 0.62 0.50 0.34 0.38 0.22 0.75 0.62 0.75 0.62 1.00 0.84 0.88 0.72 1.25 1.12 1.25 1.12 1.00 0.84 0.88 0.72 1.25 1.12 1.25 1.12 1.50 1.34 1.38 1.22 1.75 1.62 1.50 1.34 1.38 1.22 2.00 1.84 1.88 1.72 1.88 1.72 1/2 5/8 3/4 7/8

0.38 0.38 0.88 0.88 1.38 1.38 1.88 1.88

0.17 0.17 0.67 0.67 1.17 1.17 1.67 1.67 1

0.75 0.75 0.75 1.50 1.50 1.50 2.25 2.25 2.25 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.75 3.75 3.75 4.50 4.50 4.50 5.25 5.25 5.25 6.00 6.00 6.00

0.36 0.36 0.36 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.86 1.86 1.86 2.62 2.62 2.62 3.36 3.36 3.36 4.12 4.12 4.12 4.86 4.86 4.86 5.62 5.62 5.62

0.75 0.75 0.75 1.50 1.50 1.50 2.25 2.25 2.25 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.75 3.75 3.75 4.50 4.50 4.50 5.25 5.25 5.25 6.00 6.00

0.30 0.30 0.30 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.80 1.80 1.80 2.54 2.54 2.54 3.30 3.30 3.30 4.04 4.04 4.04 4.80 4.80 4.80 5.54 5.54

1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 6.00

0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 3.50 3.50 3.50 3.50 4.50 4.50 4.50 4.50 5.50

1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00

0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 1.44 2.44 2.44 2.44 2.44 3.44 3.44 3.44 3.44 4.44 4.44 4.44 4.44

1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 5.00 5.00 5.00

0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 2.38 2.38 2.38 2.38 3.38 3.38 3.38 3.38 4.38 4.38 4.38

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Socket Head Cap Screws 1960 Series - Inch Sizes 18. Table I-5 Notes a. The tabulated LG values are maximum and represent the minimum design grip length of the screw. It is measured from the bearing surface to the face of a GO thread ring gage, having the thread countersink and/or counterbore removed, which has been assembled by hand as far as the thread will permit. The tabulated LB values are minimum and represent the minimum body length of the screw. They are equal to LG minus 5 times the pitch of the UNRC thread for the respective screw size. b. Screws having nominal lengths falling between those for which LG and LB values are tabulated in Table I-5, should have LG and LB dimensions conforming with those of the next shorter tabulated nominal length for the respective screw size. For example: 1/4" screw, 1.88" long, LG=0.50" and LB=0.25". c. For screws of nominal lengths above the sizes shown in Table I-5, the full form threads, measured with a thread ring gage having the thread chamfer and/or counterbore removed, shall extend to within two pitches of the head for sizes 0 through and including 8" and should extend as close to the head as possible for sizes larger than 5/8". Screws over 1" in diameter and of lengths shorter than the minimum thread length (LT plus 5 times the pitch of the UNRC thread for the respective screw size) should have full form threads extending as close to the head as possible. d. For screws of nominal lengths longer than those for which LG and LB values are tabulated in Table I-5 and for screws over 1" in diameter, the maximum grip gaging length L LG and the minimum LTT body length LB of the screws is determined as LT shown in Table I-6: LG = L – LT LB = L – LTT Table I-6: Screws Beyond Sizes In Table I-5 LT

LTT Total Basic Thread Thread Nom. Screw Length Length Nom. Size Dia. min. max. Size 0 0.0600 0.05 0.62 5/16 1 0.0730 0.62 0.77 3/8 2 0.0860 0.62 0.80 7/16 3 0.0990 0.62 0.83 1/2 4 0.1120 0.75 0.99 5/8 5 0.1250 0.75 1.00 3/4 6 0.1380 0.75 1.05 7/8 8 0.1640 0.88 1.19 1 10 0.1900 0.88 1.27 1-1/4 1/4 0.2500 1.00 1.50 1-1/2

LTT Total Basic Thread Thread Screw Length Length Dia. min. max. 0.3125 1.12 1.71 0.3750 1.25 1.94 0.4375 1.38 2.17 0.5000 1.50 2.38 0.6250 1.75 2.82 0.7500 2.00 3.25 0.8570 2.25 3.39 1.0000 2.50 4.12 1.2500 3.12 5.09 1.5000 3.75 6.08

Table I-7: Functional Limits for Run-Out of Head, Body and Thread Nom. Size Nom. Length Over To, incl. 0 1/4 1/4 1/2 0 1/2 Nom. Size Nom. Length Over To, incl. 0 1/2 1/2 1 0 3/4 3/4 1-1/2 1-1/2 2-1/4 2-1/4 3 Nom. Size Nom. Length Over To, incl. 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 6 Nom. Size Nom. Length Over To, incl. 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 0 2 2 4 4 6 6 8 Nom. Size Nom. Length Over To, incl. 0 2 1 2 4 6 6 8 0 6 6 12

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0 1 2 3 Hole Diameters for Shank (SD) and Head (HD) SD HD SD HD SD HD SD HD .063 .105 .076 .127 .065 .107 .078 .129 .090 .150 .103 .171 4 5 6 8 Hole Diameters for Shank (SD) and Head (HD) SD HD SD HD SD HD SD HD .116 .193 .120 .197 .130 .216 .143 .237 .168 .280 .148 .242 .173 .285 .153 .247 .178 .290 .183 .295 10 1/4 5/16 3/8 Hole Diameters for Shank (SD) and Head (HD) SD HD SD HD SD HD SD HD .196 .324 .255 .386 .317 .480 .379 .574 .201 .329 .260 .391 .322 .485 .383 .578 .207 .335 .265 .396 .326 .489 .387 .582 .270 .401 .331 .494 .391 .586 .400 .595 7/16 1/2 5/8 3/4 Hole Diameters for Shank (SD) and Head (HD) SD HD SD HD SD HD SD HD .441 .669 .445 .673 .449 .676 .453 .680 .507 .767 .631 .956 .756 1.146 .514 .774 .638 .963 .762 1.152 .521 .781 .644 .969 .767 1.157 .525 .785 .650 .975 .773 1.163 7/8 1 1-1/4 1-1/2 Hole Diameters for Shank (SD) and Head (HD) SD HD SD HD SD HD SD HD .880 1.335 1.005 1.525 .886 1.341 1.010 1.530 .891 1.346 1.015 1.535 .897 1.352 1.020 1.540 1.265 1.915 1.515 2.295 1.280 1.930 1.530 2.310

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Socket Head Cap Screws 1960 Series - Inch Sizes Table I-8: Mechanical Properties Nominal Size 0 to 1/2" Over 1/2"

Tensile Strength PSI min. 180,000 170,000

Yield Strength* PSI min. 153,000 153,000

Elongation* In 2 Inches Reduction of Area* Percent min. Percent min. 10% 35% 10% 35%

Hardness Rockwell C 39 – 45 37 – 45

*The values for elongation and reduction of area apply only to cylindrical test specimens.

Table I-9: Performance Data Nominal Size 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 1/4 5/16 3/8 7/16 1/2 5/8 3/4 7/8 1 1-1/4 1-1/2

Basic Screw Dia. 0.0600 0.0730 0.0860 0.0990 0.1120 0.1250 0.1380 0.1640 0.1900 0.2500 0.3125 0.3750 0.4375 0.5000 0.6250 0.7500 0.8750 1.0000 1.2500 1.5000

Tensile Stress Area UNRC UNRF 0.00180 0.00263 0.00278 0.00370 0.00394 0.00487 0.00523 0.00604 0.00661 0.00796 0.00830 0.00909 0.01015 0.01400 0.01474 0.01750 0.02000 0.03180 0.03640 0.05240 0.05800 0.07750 0.08780 0.10630 0.11870 0.14190 0.15990 0.22600 0.25600 0.33400 0.37300 0.46200 0.50900 0.60600 0.66300 0.96900 1.07300 1.40500 1.48100

Tensile Strength (Lb. min.) UNRC UNRF 324 473 500 666 709 877 941 1,090 1,190 1,430 1,490 1,640 1,830 2,520 2,650 3,150 3,600 5,725 6,500 9,430 10,400 13,950 15,800 19,135 21,400 25,540 28,800 38,400 43,500 56,750 63,400 78,500 86,500 103,000 113,000 164,700 182,000 238,800 269,000

19. Mechanical Properties: The mechanical properties included in the above charts are based on testing that was performed at normal room temperatures. When application environment temperatures fall dramatically below or are substantially higher than room temperatures, certain variables need to be taken into consideration. If temperatures exceed 400° F (204° C), short time tensile, creep and relaxation need to be evaluated. When application temperatures drop below -20° F (-29° C), lower ductility, impact strength and fatigue life should be taken into account. 20. Material: STANLEY Engineered Fastening Socket Head Cap Screws shall be fabricated from an alloy steel having one or more of the following alloying elements: chromium, nickel, molybdenum or vanadium, in sufficient quantity to assure that the specified hardness range of Rockwell C39 – 45 for sizes #0 to 1/2" and C37 – 45 for sized over 1/2" is achieved. Decarburization and carbonization limits shall be the same as those specified for Socket Head Cap Screws in ASTM Specification A 574, Alloy Steel Socket Head Cap Screws.

Yield Strength (Lb min.) UNRC UNRF 275 402 425 566 603 745 800 924 1,011 1,218 1,270 1,391 1,553 2,142 2,255 2,678 3,060 4,865 5,569 8,017 8,874 11,858 13,433 16,264 18,161 21,711 24,465 34,550 39,150 51,100 57,050 70,700 77,850 92,700 101,450 148,250 164,150 214,950 241,900

Single Shear Strength* (Lb min.) Body Section 280 420 580 770 985 1,225 1,495 2,110 2,835 4,910 7,670 11,045 15,035 19,635 30,680 44,180 60,130 78,540 122,720 176,710

Applications This product is a high tensile strength fastener designed for use in applications where the material being clamped is of sufficient hardness (generally Rockwell B90/614 MPa ultimate tensile strength for steel and cast iron is adequate for the preload induced by the above seating torques; softer material may require a washer under the head to prevent indentation). The application can be recessed with a counterbore where clearance for open and socket wrenches is a problem. Typical applications include use in a machine assembly, punch press tooling, bearing caps, split collars, etc.

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Socket Head Cap Screws 1960 Series - Inch Sizes Table I-10: Torque – Tension Data Basic Tension Induced in Screws Torqued as Recommended* Suggested Seating Torque** Screw (Lb.) (In-Lb) Nom. Size Dia. UNRC UNRF UNRC UNRF 0 0.0600 207 2.6 1 0.0730 302 319 4.6 4.9 2 0.0860 425 452 7.7 8.2 3 0.0990 559 600 11.6 12.5 4 0.1120 693 758 16.3 17.8 5 0.1250 913 952 24.0 25.0 6 0.1380 1,043 1,165 30.2 33.8 8 0.1640 1,607 1,691 55.3 58.3 10 0.1900 2,008 2,295 50.2 57.4 1/4 0.2500 3,649 4,177 191.6 219.3 5/16 0.3125 6,013 6,656 394.0 436.1 3/8 0.3750 8,893 10,075 700.3 793.4 7/16 0.4375 12,198 13,621 1,119.4 1,250.0 1/2 0.5000 16,283 18,349 1,709.7 1,926.6 5/8 0.6250 25,910 29,560 3,401.0 3,854.0 3/4 0.7500 38,320 42,790 6,036.0 6,739.0 7/8 0.8750 53,020 53,390 9,743.0 10,728.0 1 1.0000 69,525 76,087 14,600.0 15,978.0 1-1/4 1.2500 111,120 123,113 29,186.0 32,317.0 1-1/2 1.5000 161,212 181,425 50,782.0 57,147.0 *Calculated to be 75% of yield **Seating torques calculated to create listed tension using a “K” factor of 0.21

Notes for Table I-10: This data for STANLEY Engineered Fastening inch socket screws was developed through laboratory testing under controlled conditions. The testing was performed with alloy steel socket head cap screw with a black finish, utilizing hardened steel plates and nuts. The threads and bearing areas were lubricated to create the desired testing environment. The suggested seating torques listed in Table I-10 were developed by preloading the fasteners to 75% of their yield strength. This will create a bearing stress under the head of approximately 80,000 psi, which should prevent indentation in joint materials with hardness values of Rockwell B85 and higher. If the joint materials are less than this, it is recommended that washers be used to prevent indentation. However, in some soft joints, much lower preloads may be required. This information is provided to facilitate joint design and proper installation procedures. However, because of the diversity of potential assembly and service conditions, it is not possible to make general recommendations. Each assembly, particularly those of a critical nature, should be analyzed and tested to ensure the desired preload and service life are achieved by the joint. For further design assistance, contact an applications specialist at STANLEY Engineered Fastening. Determining Torque Values Desired seating torque values can be easily determined using the formula T=KDP. ‘T’ is the tightening torque expressed in pounds/inch; “K” (also called “K-factor”) is the torque coefficient; “D” is the nominal diameter of the fastener in inches; and “P” is the tension induced in the fastener when it is torqued as recommended. Using a 1/2" socket screw with UNRC threads, and a “K” factor of 0.21, we can determine a seating torque using Table I-10: T = 0.21 x 5000 x 17,240 gives us T = 1,801 lbs./in. It is important to be aware of the impact that changes in the torque coefficient can have on seating torques and the outcome of the final joint. The “K” factor is a variable figure that is dependent upon the fastener and joint material, their finish, and the lubricity of the threads and heating surface. Typically, alloy steel socket screws have a “K” factor range of 0.19 to 0.25. However, lubricants and other anti-seize compounds which are used in some joints can change the “K” factor by 0.05, or, austenitic stainless steel or uncoated parts can have a “K” factor over 0.35. These ranges can cause significant variations in seating torques, and ultimately impact the life of the fastened joint. Therefore, these suggested seating torques should be used with caution it is the recommendation of STANLEY Engineered Fastening that actual seating torques be determined through proper testing, especially in joints where the control of preload in the joint is critical. Important Note: When extremely high-stressed socket screw fasteners are used in a corrosive environment, the potential for stress corrosion failure increases. You can reduce the risk of failure by not combining highstressed socket screw applications and corrosive environments. - 18 -

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Socket Head Cap Screws 1960 Series - Inch Sizes Stainless Steel Socket Head Cap Screws (ASTM F837) Tensile Strength (psi min.):.................................80,000 Yield Strength (psi min.):....................................40,000 Hardness:....................................................50 HRA Min. 1. Material STANLEY Engineered Fastening standard stainless steel socket head cap screws are made from an austenitic 302 stainless steel. These stainless steel fasteners are designed for use in applications where corrosion, sterility and cosmetic appearance are a concern, such as appliances, food processing, medical and computers. These fasteners can also offer the desired non‑magnetic characteristics for use in computers, electronic and other similar products. An austenitic stainless steel is desired because it allows work hardening of the fastener during the manufacturing process to provide higher tensile strengths and eliminate subsequent heat treating. Table I-11: Mechanical Properties of Stainless Steel Socket Head Cap Screws

Nominal Size 2 4 6 8 10 1/4 5/16 3/8 1/2

Basic Screw Diameter 0.0860 0.1120 0.1380 0.1640 0.1900 0.2500 0.3125 0.3750 0.5000

Tensile Strength

Yield Strength

(Lb. min.) UNRC UNRF 296 315 483 529 727 812 1120 1179 1400 1600 2544 2912 4192 4640 6200 7024 11352 12792

(Lb. min.) UNRC UNRF 148 158 242 264 364 406 560 590 700 800 1272 1456 2096 2320 3100 3512 5676 6396

Single Shear Strength (Lb. min.)* Body Section 331 562 853 1,204 1,616 2,798 4,371 6,295 11,191

Suggested Seating Torque** (In-Lb) UNRC UNRF 3.0 3.2 6.5 7.1 12.0 13.0 22.0 23.0 32.0 36.0 76.0 87.0 157.0 174.0 279.0 316.0 681.0 767.0

*Calculated using 57,000 psi shear strength **Seating torques calculated to induce 48,000 psi tensile stress with a “K” factor of 0.20.

Notes for Table I-11 The tensile strength data included in Table I-11 is based on testing that was performed at normal room temperatures. When application temperatures are substantially higher than room temperature, certain variables need to be taken into consideration, including the effect of temperature on term properties and the possibility of plastic deformation or creep. To prevent a change in the material’s metallurgical properties and reduce the risk of corrosion, stainless steel fasteners are typically not specified for applications where temperatures may exceed 800° F. For applications requiring a non-standard grade of stainless steel or a size or length not stocked, contact a STANLEY Engineered Fastening applications specialist for mechanical properties and torquing data.

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Socket Head Cap Screws 1960 Series - Inch Sizes F X

60°

Table I-12: Drill and Counterbore Sizes Nom. Size 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 1/4 5/16 3/8 7/16 1/2 5/8 3/4 7/8 1 1-1/4 1-1/2

Basic Screw Dia. 0.0600 0.0730 0.0860 0.0990 0.1120 0.1250 0.1380 0.1640 0.1900 0.2500 0.3125 0.0375 0.4375 0.5000 0.6250 0.7500 0.8750 1.0000 1.2500 1.5000

Close Fit nom. 51* 46* 3/32 36* 1/8 9/64 23* 15* 5* 17/64 21/64 25/64 29/64 33/64 41/64 49/64 57/64 1 1/64 1 9/32 1 17/32

Drill Size for Hole A dec. 0.0670 0.0810 0.0937 0.1065 0.1250 0.1406 0.1540 0.1800 0.2055 0.2656 0.3281 0.3906 0.4531 0.5156 0.6406 0.7656 0.8906 1.0156 1.2812 1.5312

Normal Fit nom. dec. 49* 0.0730 43* 0.0890 36* 0.1065 31* 0.1200 29* 0.1360 23* 0.1540 18* 0.1695 10* 0.1935 2* 0.2210 9/32 0.2812 11/32 0.3437 13/32 0.4062 15/32 0.4687 17/32 0.5312 21/32 0.6562 25/32 0.7812 29/32 0.9062 1 1/32 1.0312 1 5/16 1.3125 1 9/16 1.5625

X Counterbore Dia. 1/8 5/32 3/16 7/32 7/32 1/4 9/32 5/16 3/8 7/16 17/32 5/8 23/32 13/16 1 1-3/16 1-3/8 1-5/8 2 2-3/8

C Countersink Dia. D max. + 2F (max.) 0.074 0.087 0.102 0.115 0.130 0.145 0.158 0.188 0.218 0.278 0.346 0.415 0.483 0.552 0.689 0.828 0.963 1.100 1.370 1.640

*Wire Size Drill

Notes for Table I-12 Close Fit: Normally limited to holes for those lengths of screws threaded to the head in assemblies in which 1. only one screw is used; or 2. two or more screws are used and the mating holes are produced at assembly or by matched and coordinated tooling. Normal Fit: Intended for: 1. screws of relatively long length; or 2. assemblies that involve two or more screws and where the mating holes are produced by conventional tolerancing methods. It provides for the maximum allowable eccentricity of the longest standard screws and for certain deviations in the parts being fastened, such as deviations in hole straightness; angularity between the axis of the tapped hole and that of the hole for the shank; differences in center distances of the mating holes and other deviations. Chamfering: It is considered good practice to chamfer or break the edges of holes that are smaller than “B” maximum in parts in which hardness approaches, equals or exceeds the screw hardness. If holes are not chamfered, the heads may not seat properly or the sharp edges may deform the fillets on the screws, making them susceptible to fatigue in applications that involve dynamic loading. The chamfers, however, should not be larger than needed to ensure that the heads seat properly or that the fillet on the screw is not deformed. Normally, the chamfers do not need to exceed “B” maximum. Chamfers exceeding these values reduce the effective bearing area and introduce the possibility of indentation when the parts fastened are softer than the screws, or the possibility of brinelling of the heads of the screws when the parts are harder than the screws. - 20 -

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Socket Head Shoulder Screws - Inch Sizes F A1

Detail Y

Detail Z

M Enlarged Detail Y

DT K

W C

M This diameter not to exceed major diameter of thread

Enlarged Detail Z

Table I-13: Dimensions of Hex and TORX PLUS® Socket Head Shoulder Screws

Nom. Screw Size 1/4 5/16 3/8 1/2 5/8 3/4

Basic Screw Dia. 0.2500 0.3125 0.3750 0.5000 0.6250 0.7500

Shoulder Diameter

Head Diameter

Head Height

max.

min.

max.

min.

max.

min.

0.2480 0.3105 0.3730 0.4980 0.6230 0.7480

0.2460 0.3085 0.3710 0.4960 0.6210 0.7460

0.375 0.438 0.562 0.750 0.875 1.000

0.357 0.419 0.543 0.729 0.853 0.977

0.188 0.219 0.250 0.312 0.375 0.500

0.177 0.209 0.240 0.302 0.365 0.490

A I TORX PLUS Recess Key Drive Dim Engmt. Size ref. min. 20IP 0.155 0.068 27IP 0.200 0.088 40IP 0.266 0.117 45IP 0.312 0.137 55IP 0.446 0.196 60IP 0.529 0.245

T M R1 Hex Head Fillet Head Hex Socket Key Transition Fillet Size Engmt. Dia. Radius nom.

1/8 5/32 3/16 1/4 5/16 3/8

min.

0.125 0.094 0.156 0.117 0.188 0.141 0.250 0.188 0.312 0.234 0.375 0.281

max.

min.

0.276 0.345 0.413 0.550 0.687 0.826

0.009 0.012 0.015 0.020 0.024 0.030

Table I-13, Continued

Nom. Screw Size 1/4 5/16 3/8 1/2 5/8 3/4

Basic Screw Dia. 0.2500 0.3125 0.3750 0.5000 0.6250 0.7500

K F DT Shoulder Shoulder Neck Neck Nominal Basic Diameter Width Thread Thread Threads min. max. Size Dia. per Inch 0.227 0.093 10 0.1900 24 0.289 0.093 1/4 0.2500 20 0.352 0.093 5/16 0.3125 18 0.477 0.093 3/8 0.3750 16 0.602 0.093 1/2 0.5000 13 0.727 0.093 5/8 0.6250 11

Notes For Socket Head Shoulder Screws: 1. Shoulder: Shoulder refers to the enlarged, unthreaded portion of the screw, the diameter of which serves as the basis for the derivation of the nominal size. 2. Head Diameter: Heads may be plain or knurled at the option of the manufacturer, unless specified by the customer. 3. Head Chamfer: The head shall be chamfered or radiused at the manufacturer’s option. See ASME B18.3 for dimensions.

G Thread Neck Diameter

W Thread Neck Width

Thread Neck Fillet

Thread Length Basic 0.375 0.438 0.500 0.625 0.750 0.875

max.

min.

max.

min.

0.142 0.193 0.249 0.304 0.414 0.521

0.133 0.182 0.237 0.291 0.397 0.502

0.083 0.100 0.111 0.125 0.154 0.182

0.023 0.028 0.031 0.035 0.042 0.051

0.017 0.022 0.025 0.029 0.036 0.045

4. Neck and Fillet Under Head: Screws may be necked under the head at the option of the manufacturer. The fillet extension above “D”, at intersection of the head bearing surface and neck or shoulder, should be within the tabulated limits for “M”. 5. Bearing Surface: The plane of the bearing surface shall be perpendicular to the axis of the shoulder with a maximum deviation of 2°. 6. Neck Under Shoulder: The neck under the shoulder should allow the shoulder to seat against the face of a standard basic GO thread ring gage.

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Socket Head Shoulder Screws - Inch Sizes 7. Edge of Shoulder: The edge of the shoulder may be broken. The radius or chamfer shall not exceed 0.005" for shoulders to 0.373" diameter and 0.008" for larger diameters. 8. Concentricity: a. The head shall be concentric with the shoulder within 1 percent (2% total runout) of the nominal diameter, “D” or 0.003" (0.006" total runout), whichever is greater. b. Pitch diameter and shoulder shall be concentric within 0.004" total runout, when checked at a distance of 0.188" from the shoulder at the threaded end. c. Concentricity, parallelism, bow and squareness of shoulder to thread shall be within 0.005" total runout per inch of shoulder length, with a maximum of 0.025" when firmly seated against the shoulder in a threaded bushing and checked on the shoulder at a distance 2F from the underside of the head. Threads of bushing shall be basic size, and bushing OD and ends shall be concentric and square with the axis. 9. Length: The length of the screw is the distance measured on the line parallel to the axis of the screw, from the plane of the bearing surface under the head to the plane of the shoulder at threaded end. The basic length dimension on the product shall be nominal length expressed as a three-place decimal. 10. Standard Lengths: The difference between consecutive lengths of standard screws shall be as designated in the following table: Nominal Screw Length 1/4 thru 3/4 3/4 thru 5 Over 5

Standard Length Increment 1/8 1/4 1/2

11. Threads: Threads shall be Unified external thread, Class 3A, UNRC Series. Acceptability is to be based on System 22, ANSI B1.3.

Class 3A does not provide a plating allowance. When plated products are required, it is recommended they be purchased from STANLEY Engineered Fastening.

14. Material: Shoulder screws shall be fabricated from an alloy steel having one or more of the following alloying elements: chromium, nickel, molybdenum or vanadium, in sufficient quantity to assure a core hardness range of Rockwell C32 to 43 is met when hardened by quenching from the austenitizing temperature and tempered at not lower than 343°C (650°F). Decarburization and carburization limits shall be the same as those specified for Socket Head Cap Screws in ASTM specification A 574, Alloy Steel Socket Head Cap Screws. Shoulder screws shall meet the following mechanical property requirements: a. Ultimate tensile strength of 140,000 psi based on the minimum thread neck area. b. Shear strength of 84,000 psi in thread neck area based on the minimum thread neck area. c. Shear strength of 84,000 psi in the shoulder area based on the minimum shoulder area. Table I-14: Material, Mechanical and Application Data

Nominal or Basic Shoulder Diameter 1/4 0.2500 5/16 0.3125 3/8 0.3750 1/2 0.5000 5/8 0.6250 3/4 0.7500

Mechanical Properties Tensile Strength Shear Strength Thread Thread Neck Shoulder Neck Area Area Area Lb. min. Lb. min. Lb./In. 1,950 8,246 1,167 3,640 12,885 2,185 6,170 18,555 3,706 9,310 32,986 5,587 17,300 51,541 10,398 27,700 74,220 16,625

Application Data Suggested Seating Torque* Lb. min. 36 89 188 340 845 1688

*Seating torques calculated to induce 65,000 psi tensile stress with a “K” factor of 0.21.

Tensile Strength (psi min.):...............................140,000 Yield Strength (psi min.):................................... 84,000 Hardness:.........................................Rockwell C32 to 43

12. Thread Length Tolerance: The tolerance on thread length “E” shall be -0.020" for screw sizes up to and including 3/8" and -0.030" for screw sizes larger than 3/8". 13. Screw Point Chamfer: The point shall be flat or slightly concave, and chamfered. The plane of the point shall be approximately normal to the axis of the screw. The chamfer shall extend slightly below the root of the thread, and the edge between flat and chamfer may be slightly rounded. The included angle of the point should be approximately 90°. - 22 -

Applications Socket head shoulder screws are designed and recommended for use with stripper springs and guides in punch press die sets. Additional applications can include attaching cams, rollers, links and levers. They can also be used as journals, pins, or sliding-element guides.

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Socket Button Head Cap Screws - Inch Sizes A1

I R

Slight flat and/or countersink permissible

Table I-15: Dimensions of Hex and TORX PLUS® Socket Button Head Cap Screws A1

Nom. Size 0 1 2 4 6 8 10 1/4 5/16 3/8 1/2 5/8

Basic Screw Dia. 0.0600 0.0730 0.0860 0.1120 0.1380 0.1640 0.1900 0.2500 0.3125 0.3750 0.5000 0.6250

Head Diameter max.

min.

0.114 0.139 0.164 0.213 0.262 0.312 0.361 0.437 0.547 0.656 0.875 1.000

0.104 0.129 0.154 0.201 0.250 0.298 0.347 0.419 0.527 0.636 0.851 0.970

S R A I TORX PLUS Head Side Recess Key Head Height Height Drive Dim. Engmt. max. min. ref. Size ref. min. 0.032 0.026 0.010 5IP 0.058 0.017 0.039 0.033 0.010 5IP 0.058 0.020 0.046 0.038 0.010 6IP 0.069 0.023 0.059 0.051 0.015 8IP 0.094 0.032 0.073 0.063 0.015 10IP 0.111 0.038 0.087 0.077 0.015 15IP 0.132 0.045 0.101 0.091 0.020 25IP 0.178 0.052 0.132 0.122 0.031 27IP 0.200 0.068 0.166 0.152 0.031 40IP 0.266 0.090 0.199 0.185 0.031 45IP 0.312 0.106 0.265 0.245 0.046 55IP 0.446 0.158 0.331 0.311 0.062 60IP 0.529 0.192

Notes For Socket Button Head Cap Screws: 1. Nominal Size: Where specifying nominal size in decimals, zeros preceding the decimal and in the fourth decimal place should be omitted. 2. Head Height: The tabulated head heights represent metal to metal measurements; i.e., the truncation of the rounded surface caused by the socket is not considered part of the head height.

Concentricity is defined as 1/2 the total indicated value obtained by holding the screw by the threads next to the head and indicating the outer surface of the head on the rounded portion, adjacent to, but not on, the extreme periphery of the head.

T Hex Key Engmt.

F Fillet Diameter

L Maximum Standard Length

nom.

dec.

min.

max.

min.

nom.

1/16 5/64 3/32 1/8 5/32 3/16 7/32 5/16 3/8

0.035 0.050 0.050 0.062 0.078 0.094 0.125 0.156 0.188 0.219 0.312 0.375

0.020 0.028 0.028 0.035 0.044 0.052 0.070 0.087 0.105 0.122 0.175 0.210

0.080 0.093 0.106 0.132 0.158 0.194 0.220 0.290 0.353 0.415 0.560 0.685

0.070 0.083 0.096 0.122 0.148 0.184 0.210 0.280 0.343 0.405 0.540 0.665

1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 5/8 3/4 1 1 1 1-1/4 2 2

5. Fillet: For all lengths of screws, the form of the fillet is optional, provided it fairs into the bearing surface within the limits of “F”, and is a smooth and continuous curve having a bearing surface juncture radius no less than that tabulated below: Nominal Screw Size 0 1 2 4 6 8

3. Bearing Surface: The plane of the bearing surface is to be perpendicular to the axis of the shank within 2°. 4. Concentricity: The head is to be concentric to the axis of the shank of the screws within 3% of the maximum head diameter, “A1”, or 0.004" (0.008" total runout), whichever is greater.

J Hex Socket Size

Juncture Radius Min.

0.002 0.003 0.003 0.004 0.005 0.006

Nominal Screw Size 10 1/4 5/16 3/8 1/2 5/8

Juncture Radius Min.

0.006 0.007 0.009 0.012 0.016 0.021

6. Length: The length of the screw shall be measured parallel to the axis of the screw from the plane of the bearing surface under the head to the plane of the flat of the point. The portion of the screw contained within dimension “L” is commonly called the shank.

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Socket Button Head Cap Screws - Inch Sizes 7. Standard Lengths: The difference between consecutive lengths of socket button head cap screws shall be designated in the following table: Nominal Screw Length 1/8 thru 1/4 1/4 thru 1 1 thru 2

Standard Length Increment 1/16 1/8 1/4

8. Length Tolerances: The allowable tolerance on length shall be as tabulated below: Nominal Screw Size Nominal Screw Length Up to 1", incl. Over 1" to 2, incl.

0 thru & 1/2 & 5/8 incl. 3/8 inclusive Tolerance on Length -0.03 -0.03 -0.04 -0.06

9. Threads: Threads shall be unified external threads with radius root Class 3A UNRC and UNRF Series. Acceptability is to be based on System 22, ANSI B1.3.

Class 3A does not provide a plating allowance. When plated products are required, it is recommended they be purchased from STANLEY Engineered Fastening.

10. Thread Length Tolerance: For screws of nominal lengths equal to or shorter than maximum lengths “L” listed in Table I-15, the complete (full form) threads, measured with a thread ring gage having the thread chamfer and/or counterbore removed, shall extend to within two pitches (threads) of the bearing surface of the head. For longer screws, the length of the complete thread, at the option of the manufacturer, is to be between a minimum of twice the basic screw diameter plus 0.50", and a maximum of within two pitches (threads) of the head. Table I-16: Mechanical and Application Data Mechanical Properties Application Data Tensile Single Shear Suggested Strength Strength* Seating Torque** Basic lb. min. lb. lb./in. Nom. Screw Size Dia. UNRC UNRF Body Section UNRC† UNRF† 0 0.060 n/a 260 282 1 1 1 0.073 380 400 420 2 2 2 0.086 540 570 580 3 3 4 0.112 880 960 985 7 8 6 0.138 1150 1200 1,495 13 14 8 0.164 2030 2140 2,110 23 24 10 0.190 2540 2900 2,835 34 38 1/4 0.250 4610 5275 4,910 80 92 5/16 0.3125 7600 8450 7,670 165 182 3/8 0.375 11200 12700 11,045 293 332 1/2 0.500 20600 23200 19,633 715 806 5/8 0.625 30500 34500 30,680 1,425 1,610 * Some shear values derived by calculation. ** Seating torques calculated to induce 48,000 psi tensile stress with a “K” factor of .21. † Plain Finish

11. Screw Point Chamfer: The point shall be flat or slightly concave, and chamfered. The plane of the point shall be approximately normal to the axis of the screw. The chamfer shall extend slightly below the root of the thread, and the edge between flat and chamfer may be slightly rounded. The included dangle of the point should be approximately 90°. Chamfering of screw sizes up to size 8 (0.164") and lengths below 0.75d is optional. 12. Material: Socket button head cap screws shall be fabricated from an alloy steel having one or more of the following alloying elements: chromium, nickel, molybdenum or vanadium, in sufficient quantity to assure that the specified core hardness range of Rockwell C39 to 44 for sizes up to and including 1/2" (0.500) and C37 – 44 for sizes over 1/2" (0.500) is met when hardened by quenching from the austenitizing temperature and tempered at not lower than 343°C (650°F). Decarburization and carburization limits are specified in ASTM F 835 Alloy Steel Socket Button and Flat Countersunk Head Cap Screws. Hardness: Sizes 1/2" and smaller....................Rockwell C39 to 44 Sizes larger than 1/2".....................Rockwell C37 to 44 Tensile Test Load: Standard sizes in both UNRC and UNRF threads must withstand, without failure, the static tensile load values listed in Table I-16 when tested with a suitable fixture which measures axial loading. When tested to failure, screws may fracture in the thread or head. Note: For nonstandard screws, such as diameters and lengths which are not stock production sizes, or screws made from material other than heat treated alloy steel, contact STANLEY Engineered Fastening Decorah Operations. Applications This product is designed and recommended for applications where a lower profile is desired. Wrenchability is significantly reduced due to the smaller sockets and shallower key engagements. Because of the head configuration, this product is not recommended for use in high-strength applications or where maximum fatigue resistance is required.

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Socket Flange Button Head Cap Screws - Inch Sizes A

H J

R F

Slight flat and/or countersink permissible

Table I-17: Dimensions of Socket Flange Button Head Cap Screws A Nom. Size 4 6 8 10 1/4 5/16 3/8 1/2

Basic Screw Dia. 0.112 0.138 0.164 0.190 0.250 0.312 0.375 0.500

Head Diameter

Head Height

T D Hex Key Bearing Hex Socket Size Engage. Surface

F Fillet Diameter

R Head Radii

max.

min.

max.

min.

nom.

dec.

min.

max.

min.

0.240 0.292 0.367 0.387 0.532 0.646 0.769 1.017

0.228 0.277 0.339 0.357 0.496 0.603 0.721 0.960

0.059 0.073 0.087 0.101 0.122 0.152 0.185 0.245

0.051 0.063 0.077 0.091 0.122 0.152 0.185 0.245

1/16 5/64 3/32 1/8 5/32 3/16 7/32 5/16

0.062 0.078 0.094 0.125 0.156 0.188 0.219 0.312

0.035 0.044 0.052 0.070 0.087 0.105 0.122 0.175

0.203 0.252 0.312 0.357 0.496 0.603 0.721 0.960

0.132 0.158 0.194 0.220 0.290 0.353 0.415 0.560

0.122 0.148 0.184 0.210 0.280 0.343 0.405 0.540

0.138 0.158 0.185 0.213 0.249 0.309 0.368 0.481

Notes: See notes for Button Head Socket Screws, pages 23 – 24.

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Socket Low Cap Screws - Inch Sizes A1

I R

Table I-18: Dimensions of Hex and TORX PLUS® Socket Low Head Cap Screws A1 Basic Nom. Screw Size Dia. 4 0.112 5 0.125 6 0.138 8 0.164 10 0.190 1/4 0.250 5/16 0.3125 3/8 0.375 1/2 0.500

Head Diameter

Head Height

max.

min.

max.

min.

0.183 0.205 0.226 0.270 0.312 0.375 0.437 0.562 0.750

0.176 0.198 0.218 0.265 0.307 0.369 0.431 0.556 0.743

0.059 0.065 0.072 0.082 0.095 0.125 0.156 0.187 0.250

0.053 0.059 0.066 0.079 0.092 0.121 0.152 0.182 0.244

Drive Size 6IP 8IP 10IP 15IP 20IP 27IP 30IP 40IP 50IP

Notes for Socket Low Head Cap Screws: 1. Nominal Size: Where specifying nominal size in decimals, zeros proceeding decimal and in the fourth decimal place should be omitted.

A I TORX PLUS Recess Key Dim. Engmt. ref.

min.

0.081 0.094 0.111 0.132 0.155 0.200 0.221 0.266 0.352

0.036 0.041 0.038 0.045 0.053 0.068 0.075 0.090 0.120

Hex Key Hex Socket Size Engmt. Fillet Diameter nom.

ref.

min.

max.

min.

1/16 1/16 5/64 3/32 1/8 5/32 3/16 1/4

0.0500 0.0625 0.0625 0.0781 0.0938 0.1250 0.1562 0.1875 0.2500

0.038 0.044 0.050 0.060 0.072 0.094 0.120 0.145 0.184

0.130 0.145 0.158 0.188 0.218 0.278 0.347 0.415 0.552

0.117 0.132 0.144 0.172 0.202 0.261 0.329 0.397 0.531

4. Standard Lengths: The difference between consecutive lengths of Socket Low Head Cap Screws shall be as designated in the following table: Nominal Screw Length 1/8 thru 1/4 1/4 thru 1 1 thru 2

2. Head Diameter: Heads shall be plain. 3. Length: The length of the screw shall be measured parallel to the axis of the screw from the plane of the bearing surface under the head to the plane of the flat of the point. The portion of the screw contained within dimension L is commonly call the shank. The basic length dimension on the product is the nominal length expressed as a two-place decimal.

Standard Length Increment 1/16 1/8 1/4

5. Length Tolerances: The allowable tolerance on length shall be as tabulated below: Nom. Screw Size Nom. Screw Length Up to 1", incl. Over 1: to 2 incl.

0 to 3/8", incl.

1/2" and 5/8" incl.

Tolerance on Length -0.03 -0.03 -0.04 -0.06

6. Thread Length: On all stock lengths, the last complete (full form) thread measured with a thread ring gage (having the thread chamfer and/or counterbore removed) extends to within two threads of the head. On other lengths and diameters, the length of the thread will conform to cap screw thread lengths.

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Socket Low Head Cap Screws - Inch Sizes 7. Screw Point Chamfer: The point shall be flat or slightly concave, and chamfered. The plane of the point shall be approximately normal to the axis of the screw. The chamfer shall extend slightly below the root of the thread, and the edge between flat and chamfer may be slightly rounded.

Table I-19: Mechanical and Application Data

Nom. Size 4 5 6 8 10 1/4 5/16 3/8 1/2

The included angle of the point should be approximately 90°. Chamfering of screw sizes up to and including size 8 (0.164") and lengths below 0.75d is optional. 8. Threads: Threads shall be Unified external threads with radius root Class 3A UNRC and UNRF Series. Acceptability is based on System 22, ANSI B1.3. Class 3A does not provide a plating allowance. When plated products are required, it is recommended they be procured from STANLEY Engineered Fastening Decorah Operations.

Basic Screw Dia. 0.112 0.125 0.138 0.164 0.190 0.250 0.3125 0.375 0.500

Mechanical Properties Application Data Single Shear Suggested Tensile Strength* Seating Torque ** Strength lb. min. lb. lb-in UNRC UNRF Body Section UNRC UNRF 876 958 985 7 8 1,154 1,204 1225 10 11 1,318 1,472 1495 13 14 2,380 2,510 2,110 23 24 2,980 3,400 2,835 34 38 5,400 6,100 4,910 80 92 8,900 9,800 7,670 165 182 13,100 14,900 11,045 293 332 24,100 27,100 19,633 715 806

* Some shear values derived by calculation. ** Seating torques calculated to induce 48,000 psi tensile stress with a “K" factor of 0.21

9. Material: Socket low head cap screws shall be fabricated from an alloy steel having one or more of the following alloying elements: chromium, nickel, molybdenum or vanadium, in sufficient quantity to assure that the specified core hardness range of Rockwell C39 to 45 for sizes up to and including 5/8" is met when hardened by quenching from the austenitizing temperature and tempered at not lower than 343°C (650°F). Decarburization and carburization limits are the same as those specified for Socket Head Cap Screws in ASTM Specification A 574, Alloy Steel Socket Head Cap Screws. For non-standard screws, such as diameters and lengths which are not stock production sizes, or screws made from materials other than heat treated alloy steel, contact STANLEY Engineered Fastening Decorah Operations.

Tensile Strength (psi min.):............................... 145,000 NOTE: Tensile strength is reduced due to head design.

Hardness:.........................................Rockwell C39 to 45

Applications Socket low head cap screws are precision fasteners designed for applications where head height clearance is an issue. Because of their reduced head height and smaller socket size, they normally cannot be preloaded as high as standard socket head cap screws and should not be subjected to high tensile loads.

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Socket Flat Countersunk Head Cap Screws - Inch Sizes A1 A1

L Theoretical Sharp

Absolute Minimum

I R

F D

84° 80°

A See Note 14

Table I-20: Dimensions of Hex and TORX PLUS® Socket Flat Countersunk Head Cap Screws

Nom. Size 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 1/4 5/16 3/8 7/16 1/2 5/8 3/4

Basic Screw Dia. 0.0600 0.0730 0.0860 0.0990 0.1120 0.1250 0.1380 0.1640 0.1900 0.2500 0.3125 0.3750 0.4375 0.5000 0.6250 0.7500

Body Dia.

Head Diameter

max.

min.

0.0600 0.0730 0.0860 0.0990 0.1120 0.1250 0.1380 0.1640 0.1900 0.2500 0.3125 0.3750 0.4375 0.5000 0.6250 0.7500

0.0568 0.0695 0.0822 0.0949 0.1075 0.1202 0.1329 0.1585 0.1840 0.2435 0.3053 0.3678 0.4294 0.4919 0.6163 0.7406

H Head Height

Theor. Sharp

Absol. min.

ref.

0.138 0.168 0.197 0.226 0.255 0.281 0.307 0.359 0.411 0.531 0.656 0.781 0.844 0.938 1.188 1.438

0.117 0.143 0.168 0.193 0.218 0.240 0.263 0.311 0.359 0.480 0.600 0.720 0.781 0.872 1.112 1.355

0.044 0.054 0.064 0.073 0.083 0.090 0.097 0.112 0.127 0.161 0.198 0.234 0.234 0.251 0.324 0.396

max.

TORX PLUS Drive Size 3IP 6IP 6IP 8IP 10IP 10IP 15IP 20IP 25IP 30IP 40IP 45IP 50IP 50IP 55IP 60IP

Recess Dim.

Key Engmt.

0.047 0.081 0.081 0.094 0.111 0.111 0.132 0.155 0.178 0.221 0.266 0.312 0.352 0.352 0.446 0.529

0.016 0.036 0.036 0.041 0.038 0.038 0.045 0.053 0.061 0.075 0.090 0.106 0.120 0.120 0.158 0.192

ref.

min.

J Hex Socket Size

T Hex Key Engmt.

F Fillet Dia.

nom.

dec.

min.

max.

1/16 1/16 5/64 5/64 3/32 1/8 5/32 3/16 7/32 1/4 5/16 3/8 1/2

0.035 0.050 0.050 0.062 0.062 0.078 0.078 0.094 0.125 0.156 0.188 0.219 0.250 0.312 0.375 0.500

0.025 0.031 0.038 0.044 0.055 0.061 0.066 0.076 0.087 0.111 0.135 0.159 0.159 0.172 0.220 0.220

0.072 0.089 0.106 0.119 0.136 0.153 0.168 0.194 0.220 0.280 0.343 0.405 0.468 0.530 0.655 0.780

Table I-20 continued P

G Protrusion Gage Dia. Nom. Basic Screw Size Dia. max. min. 0 0.0600 0.078 0.077 1 0.0730 0.101 0.100 2 0.0860 0.124 0.123 3 0.0990 0.148 0.147 4 0.1120 0.172 0.171 5 0.1250 0.196 0.195 6 0.1380 0.220 0.219 8 0.1640 0.267 0.266 10 0.1900 0.313 0.312 1/4 0.2500 0.424 0.423 5/16 0.3125 0.539 0.538 3/8 0.3750 0.653 0.652 7/16 0.4375 0.690 0.689 1/2 0.5000 0.739 0.738 5/8 0.6250 0.962 0.961 3/4 0.7500 1.186 1.185

protrusion gage

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P Protrusion max.

min.

0.044 0.048 0.051 0.054 0.057 0.059 0.060 0.063 0.066 0.072 0.078 0.088 0.104 0.131 0.146 0.170

0.026 0.028 0.031 0.033 0.036 0.037 0.037 0.039 0.041 0.043 0.047 0.050 0.063 0.087 0.096 0.105

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Socket Flat Countersunk Head Cap Screws - Inch Sizes Notes for Socket Flat Countersunk Head Cap Screws: 1. Nominal Size: Where specifying nominal size in decimals, zeros proceeding decimal and in the fourth decimal place should be omitted.

10. Threads: Threads shall be unified external threads with radius root: Class 3A UNRC and UNRF Series. Acceptability is based on System 22, ANSI B1.3.

2. Body: The term body refers to the unthreaded cylindrical portion of the shank for those screws not threaded to the head.

3. Head Diameter: The maximum sharp values under Column A1 are theoretical values only, as it is not practical to make the edges of the head sharp. The maximum sharp value represents the exact diameter of the hole countersunk to exactly 82° in which a screw having maximum head height will just fit flush.

11. Thread Length LT: The thread length is measured parallel to the screw axis, from the extreme point to the last complete (full form) thread.

4. Head Height: The tabulated values for head height are given for reference only and are calculated to the maximum formulation. 5. Bearing Surface: The axis of the conical bearing surface shall be parallel to the axis of the body within 1°. 6. Fillet: A fillet between the conical bearing surface of the head and the shank (body) of the screw is allowable above the maximum tabulated value for “D” with the value listed for “F”. 7. Length: The length of the screw shall be measured, parallel to the axis of the screw, from the plane of the top of the head to the plane of the flat of the point. The basic length dimension on the product should be the nominal length expressed as a twoplace decimal. 8. Standard Lengths: Standard length increments shall be as designated in the following table: Nominal Screw Nominal Screw Length Up to 1", incl. Over 1" to 2 ½", incl. Over 2 ½ to 6", incl.

0 to 3/8, incl.

7/16 to 3/4 incl.

Tolerance on Length -0.03 -0.03 -0.04 -0.06 -0.06 -0.08

9. Length Tolerances: The allowable tolerance on length shall be as tabulated below: Nominal Screw Length 1/8" to 1/4", incl. 1/4" to 1", incl. 1" to 3-1/2", incl.

Class 3A does not provide a plating allowance. When plated products are required, it is recommended they are procured from STANLEY Engineered Fastening Decorah Operations.

Standard Length Increment 1/16" 1/8" 1/4"

12. Grip Gaging Length LG: The grip gaging length is the distance, measured parallel to the axis of the screw, from the top of the head to the first complete (full form) thread under the head. 13. Body Length LB: The body length is the length of the unthreaded portion of the shank and the head height. 14. Screw Point Chamfer: The point can be flat or slightly concave, and chamfered. The plane of the point is to be approximately normal to the screw axis. The chamfer shall extend slightly below the root of the thread, and the edge between the flat and chamfer may be slightly rounded. The included angle of the point should be approximately 90°. Chamfering of the screw sizes up to and including size 8 (0.164") and lengths below 0.75d. 15. Protrusion: Suitability of socket flat countersunk head cap screw for application in countersinks designed to the principal dimensions of the screws shall be determined by use of a protrusion gage. The protrusion limits shown shall apply only when the gaging diameter is exactly as indicated with the gaging edge of a sharpness obtained by lapping the hole and the top surface of the gage. The top of the head shall be flat within the limits of the protrusion tolerance. 16. Runout: The runout of the socket with the axis of the shank of the screw shall be within 3% of the maximum screw diameter “D” or 0.005, whichever is greater, for nominal sizes through 1/2 inch diameter, and 6% for nominal sizes above 1/2 inch diameter.

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Runout for above is defined as the full indicator movement (FIM) obtained by holding the screw on the body or major thread diameter within one diameter of the bearing surface of the head, but beyond the maximum length of the fillet, F, rotating 360° indicating on each of the six hexagon flats.

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Socket Flat Countersunk Head Cap Screws - Inch Sizes Notes for Table I-21: The tabulated LG values are maximum and represent the minimum design grip length of the screw. It is measured from the bearing surface to the face of a GO thread ring gage, having the thread countersink and/or counterbore removed, which has been assembled by hand as far as the thread will permit. The tabulated LB values are minimum and represent the minimum body length of the screw. They are equal to LG minus 5 times the pitch of the UNRC thread for the respective screw size.

L LG

Table I-21: Body and Grip Length Nom. Size Nom. Len. 0.75 0.88 1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 Nom. Size Nom. Len. 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.25 2.50 2.75 3.00 Nom. Size Nom. Len. 1.75 2.00 2.25 2.50 2.75 3.00

0 LG 0.25 0.25 0.50 0.75

1 2 LB LG LB LG LB 0.19 0.19 0.25 0.17 0.25 0.16 0.44 0.25 0.17 0.25 0.16 0.69 0.62 0.55 0.62 0.54 0.88 0.80 0.88 0.79 1.12 1.04

4 LG 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.50

5 LB 0.38 0.38 0.88 0.88 1.38

1/4 LG LB 0.75 0.50 0.75 0.50 1.25 1.00 1.25 1.00 1.75 1.50 1.75 1.50

LG 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.50

6 LB 0.38 0.38 0.88 0.88 1.38

5/16 LG LB 0.88 0.88 1.38 1.38 1.88

0.60 0.60 1.10 1.10 1.60

LG 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.50 1.50 2.00

LB 0.34 0.34 0.84 0.84 1.34 1.34 1.84

3/8 LG

1.00 1.00 1.50 1.50

3 LG

0.25 0.25 0.62 0.88 1.12 1.38

0.15 0.15 0.52 0.77 1.02 1.27

8 LG LB 0.38 0.22 0.38 0.22 0.88 0.72 0.88 0.72 1.38 1.22 1.38 1.22 1.88 1.72 2.38 2.22 7/16 LG LB

10 LG

0.62 0.42 0.62 0.42 1.12 0.92 1.12 0.92 1.62 1.42 1.62 1.42 2.12 1.92 1/2 LG LB

0.69 0.69 1.12 0.77 1.00 0.62 1.19 1.12 0.77 1.00 0.62 1.19 1.62 1.27 1.00 0.62

Table I-22: Screws Beyond Sizes In Table I-21 LT

Nom. Size 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 8

Basic Thread Screw Length Dia. min. 0.0600 0.50 0.0730 0.62 0.0860 0.62 0.0990 0.62 0.1120 0.75 0.1250 0.75 0.1380 0.75 0.1640 0.88

LTT Total Thread Length max.

0.62 0.77 0.80 0.93 0.99 1.00 1.05 1.19

Nom. Size 10 1/4 5/16 3/8 7/16 1/2 5/8 3/4

Basic Thread Screw Length Dia. min. 0.1900 0.88 0.2500 1.00 0.3125 1.12 0.3750 1.25 0.4375 1.38 0.5000 1.50 0.6250 1.75 0.7500 2.00

LTT Total Thread Length max.

1.27 1.50 1.71 1.94 2.17 2.38 2.82 3.25

- 30 -

Screws having nominal lengths falling between those for which LG and LB values are tabulated in Table I-21 should have LG and LB dimensions conforming with those of the next shorter tabulated nominal length for the respective screw size. For example: 1/4 screw, 2.00" long, LG=0.75" and LB=0.50" For screws of nominal lengths above the lines in Table I-21, the full form threads, measured with a thread ring gage having the thread chamfer and/or counterbore removed, shall extend to within two pitches of the head for sizes 0 through and including 5/8", and should extend as close to the head as possible for sizes larger than 5/8". For screws of nominal lengths longer than those for which LG and LB values are tabulated in Table I-21 and for screws over 1" in diameter, the maximum grip gaging length LG and the minimum body length LB of the screws is determined as shown in Table I-22. LG = L – LT LB = L – LTT Where: L = Nominal Length LT = Minimum Thread Length from Table I-22 LTT = Maximum Total Thread Length from Table I-22 L LTT LT

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Socket Flat Countersunk Head Cap Screws - Inch Sizes Table I-23: Mechanical and Application Data

Nominal Size 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 1/4 5/16 3/8 7/16 1/2 5/8 3/4

Basic Screw Diameter 0.0600 0.0730 0.0860 0.0990 0.1120 0.1250 0.1380 0.1640 0.1900 0.2500 0.3125 0.3750 0.4375 0.5000 0.6250 0.7500

Mechanical Properties Single Shear Strength* lb. Tensile Strength lb. min. Thread Section UNRC UNRF Body Section UNRC UNRF N/A 189 N/A 260 N/A† 380 400 N/A† 276 292 540 570 N/A† 389 414 710 760 N/A† 511 549 880 960 950 630 690 1150 1200 1,190 830 870 1320 1470 1,460 950 1,060 2030 2140 2,070 1,470 1,550 2540 2900 2,790 1,840 2,100 4610 5275 4,900 3,340 3,830 7600 8450 7,700 5,500 6,100 11200 12700 11,100 8,100 9,200 15400 17000 15,200 11,100 12,400 20600 23200 20,000 14,900 16,800 30500 34500 31,400 23,700 26,900 45100 50700 45,300 35,100 39,200

Application Data Suggested Seating Torque** in-lb UNRC UNRF Plain Finish Plain Finish 1.2 1.3 2.4 2.5 3.9 4.2 6.0 6.4 8.4 9.2 12.2 13.0 16.0 18.0 29.0 30.0 42.0 47.0 99.0 114.0 204.0 226.0 363.0 411.0 580.0 648.0 885.0 998.0 1,763.0 1,997.0 3,126.0 3,491.0

† These diameters are fully threaded. * Some shear values are derived by calculation. ** Seating torques calculated to induce 48,000 psi tensile stress with a “K" factor of 0.26.

17. Material: Socket Flat Countersunk Head Cap Screws shall be fabricated from an alloy steel having one or more of the following alloying elements: chromium, nickel, molybdenum or vanadium, in sufficient quantity to assure that the specified hardness range of Rockwell C39 to 44 for sizes up to and including 1/2" and C37 to 44 for sizes larger than 1/2" is met when hardened by quenching from the austenitizing temperature, and tempered at not lower than 343°C (650°F). Decarburization and carbonization limits are specified in ASTM F 835, Alloy Steel Socket Button and Flat Countersunk Head Cap Screws.

If fastener specifications vary from the standard product in terms of length, diameter or type of heat treat, for example, an applications specialist at STANLEY Engineered Fastening Decorah Operations should be contacted.

Hardness: Sizes 1/2" and smaller....................Rockwell C39 to 44 Sizes larger than 1/2".....................Rockwell C37 to 44

Applications Socket flat countersunk head cap screws are designed and recommended for applications where a flush seating socket head screw is desired. Wrenchability is limited by the socket size and key engagement. Because of the head configuration, this product is not recommended for use in high-strength applications or where maximum fatigue resistance is required.

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Socket Set Screws - Inch Sizes J

R1 D

D T

C I

Cup Point

Flat Point

Cone Point

Oval Point

Q Half Dog Point

Table I-24: Dimensions of Hex and TORX PLUS® Socket Set Screws D

Nom. Size 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 1/4 5/16 3/8 7/16 1/2 5/8 3/4 7/8 1

Basic Screw Dia. 0.0600 0.0730 0.0860 0.0990 0.1120 0.1250 0.1380 0.1640 0.1900 0.2500 0.3125 0.3750 0.4370 0.5000 0.6250 0.7500 0.8750 1.0000

J Hex Socket Size

TORX PLUS Recess Size – – – – 6IP 7IP 7IP 8IP 10IP 15IP/20IP 25IP/27IP 30IP 40IP 45IP 55IP 60IP 70IP 70IP

Recess Dia

Key Engmt.

– – – – 0.069 0.081 0.081 0.094 0.111 0.155 0.200 0.221 0.266 0.312 0.446 0.529 0.619 0.619

– – – – 0.027 0.036 0.036 0.041 0.049 0.068 0.088 0.097 0.117 0.137 0.202 0.245 0.291 0.291

ref.

T Min. Key Engmt. to Develop Functional Capability of Key Hex Socket T

min.

nom.

dec.

1/16 1/16 5/64 3/32 1/8 5/32 3/16 7/32 1/4 5/16 3/8 1/2 9/16

0.028 0.035 0.035 0.050 0.050 0.062 0.062 0.078 0.094 0.125 0.156 0.188 0.219 0.250 0.312 0.375 0.500 0.562

C Cup and Flat Point Diameters

min.

max.

min.

0.050 0.060 0.060 0.070 0.070 0.080 0.080 0.090 0.100 0.125 0.156 0.188 0.219 0.250 0.312 0.375 0.500 0.562

0.033 0.040 0.047 0.054 0.061 0.067 0.074 0.087 0.102 0.132 0.172 0.212 0.252 0.291 0.371 0.450 0.530 0.609

0.027 0.033 0.039 0.045 0.051 0.057 0.064 0.076 0.088 0.118 0.156 0.194 0.232 0.270 0.347 0.425 0.502 0.579

R1 Oval Point Radius Basic 0.045 0.055 0.064 0.074 0.084 0.094 0.104 0.123 0.142 0.188 0.234 0.281 0.328 0.375 0.469 0.562 0.656 0.750

Table I-24: Dimensions of Hex and TORX PLUS® Socket Set Screws, continued D

Nom. Size 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 1/4 5/16 3/8 7/16 1/2 5/8 3/4 7/8 1

Basic Screw Dia. 0.0600 0.0730 0.0860 0.0990 0.1120 0.1250 0.1380 0.1640 0.1900 0.2500 0.3125 0.3750 0.4375 0.5000 0.6250 0.7500 0.8750 1.0000

Y Cone Point 90° ±2°for these Nominal Lengths or Longer, 118° ±2° for Shorter Nominal Lengths 0.09 0.09 0.13 0.13 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.25 0.25 0.31 0.38 0.44 0.50 0.57 0.75 0.88 1.00 1.13

Half Dog Point Diameter

Length

max.

min.

max.

min.

0.040 0.049 0.057 0.066 0.075 0.083 0.092 0.109 0.127 0.156 0.203 0.250 0.297 0.344 0.469 0.562 0.656 0.938

0.037 0.045 0.053 0.062 0.070 0.078 0.087 0.103 0.120 0.149 0.195 0.241 0.287 0.334 0.456 0.549 0.642 0.920

0.017 0.021 0.024 0.027 0.030 0.033 0.038 0.043 0.049 0.067 0.082 0.099 0.114 0.130 0.164 0.196 0.227 0.323

0.013 0.017 0.020 0.023 0.026 0.027 0.032 0.037 0.041 0.059 0.074 0.089 0.104 0.120 0.148 0.180 0.211 0.303

B Shortest Optimum Nominal Length to Which Column T Applies Cup and 90° Cone & Flat Points Oval Points Half Dog Points 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.19 0.13 0.13 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.25 0.19 0.19 0.25 0.25 0.19 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.44 0.38 0.38 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.63 0.50 0.50 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.88 0.88 0.75 1.00 1.00 0.88 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.25 1.25

Note: Non-standard set screw sizes available upon request. Please contact an applications specialist for information.

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Socket Set Screws - Inch Sizes Notes for Socket Set Screws: 1. Nominal Size: Where specifying nominal size in decimals, zeros preceding decimal and in the fourth decimal place shall be omitted.

7. Threads: Threads shall be Unified external thread; Class 3A, UNRC and UNRF Series. Since standard gages provide only for engagement lengths up to 1-1/2 diameters, changes in pitch diameter of either or both external and internal thread may be required for longer lengths of engagement. Acceptability shall be based on System 22, ANSI B1.3. Class 3A does not provide a plating allowance. When plated products are required, it is recommended that they be procured from STANLEY Engineered Fastening.

2. Socket Depths: The key engagement dimension in Table I-24 shall apply only to nominal screw lengths equal to or longer than the lengths listed in Column “B”. For hex socket key engagement, dimensions in screws of shorter nominal lengths than listed in Column “B” of Table I-24. TORX PLUS sockets in screws shorter than those listed in Table I-24 shall have a key engagement as deep as practicable.

8. Point Angles: The point angles specified shall apply only to those portions of the angles which lie below the root diameter of the thread, it being recognized that the angle may vary in the threaded portion due to manufacturing processes. The point angle or cup points shall be 45°; plus 5° minus 0° for screws of length equal to the nominal screw diameter and longer, and 30° minimum for shorter screws.

CAUTION: The use of set screws having a key engagement shallower than the deepest listed in Table I-24 for the respective screw size can result in failure of the socket, key, or mating thread during tightening because the key engagement and thread length are less than optimum. It is, therefore, strongly recommended that longer screw lengths having deepest minimum key engagements be used wherever possible. 3. Face: The plane of the face on socket end of the screws shall be approximately normal to the axis of the screw, and on screws longer than lengths listed in Table I-24, Column “B”, chamfered. The chamfer shall extend slightly below the root diameter of the thread and the edge between flat and chamfer may be slightly rounded. For screws equal to or shorter than the lengths listed in Column “B", chamfering shall be at the option of the manufacturer. If chamfered, the chamfer angle, “V”, shall not exceed 45°. 4. Length: The length of the screw shall be measured overall, parallel to the axis of screw. The basic length dimension on the product shall be the nominal length expressed as a two-place decimal. 5. Standard Length: The standard length increments for set screws shall be as tabulated below: Length nom.

1/8 through 3/16 3/16 through 1/2 1/2 through 1 1 through 2 2 through 6 over 6

Standard Length Increments in. 0.030 0.060 0.130 0.250 0.500 1.000

9. Oval Point Radius Tolerance: The tolerance shall be +0.015" for screw nominal sizes through 5 (0.125") and +0.031" for screw nominal sizes 6 (0.138") and larger. 10. Half Dog Point Eccentricity: The permissible eccentricity of the half dog axis, with respect to the axis of the thread, shall not exceed 3% of the basic diameter of the screw, and in no case shall be greater than 0.005" for sizes up to and including 3/4". For sizes over 3/4" it shall not be greater than 0.010". (Total runout shall not exceed twice the permissible eccentricity). 11. Cone Point Configuration: The apex of the cone may be flattened or rounded to the extent of 10% of the basic diameter of the screw. 12. Material: Socket set screws shall be fabricated from an alloy steel having one or more of the following alloying elements: chromium, nickel, molybdenum, or vanadium, in sufficient quantity to assure that the specified core hardness range of Rockwell C45 to C53 is met when screw are hardened by quenching from the austenitizing temperature and tempered. Decarburization and carburization limits are specified in ASTM F912, Alloy Steel Set Screws. Hardness:.........................................Rockwell C45 to 53

6. Tolerance On Length: The tolerance on length shall be bilateral as tabulated below: Nominal Screw Length Up to 5/8", incl. Over 5/8" to 2", incl. Over 2" to 6", incl.

Tolerance on Length ±0.01 ±0.02 ±0.03

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Socket Set Screws - Inch Sizes Table I-25: Application Data Nom. Size 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 1/4 5/16 3/8 7/16 1/2 5/8 3/4 7/8 1

Basic Screw Size 0.0860 0.0990 0.1120 0.1250 0.2030 0.1640 0.1900 0.2500 0.3125 0.3750 0.4375 0.5000 0.6250 0.7500 0.8750 1.0000

Suggested Seating Torque* 1.6 4.8 4.8 8.9 8.9 17.9 31.4 73.0 144.0 251.0 361.0 536.0 1,063.0 1,828.0 4,335.0 5,865.0

Axial Holding Power lbs. 85 120 160 200 250 385 540 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 4,000 5,000 5,600 6,500

*Calculated to reach 85% of minimum key strength.

NOTE: Set screws must have minimum recess depth shown in Table I-24 to generate full recess strength. The axial holding power data in Table I-25 is for cup point set screws and is provided for reference only, as actual holding power may vary by ±25%. It is recommended that laboratory testing of your set screw application be performed to verify results.

Using Socket Set Screws Set screws are most commonly installed in collar-type applications to prevent lateral and rotational movement along a shaft. However, they are also used to hold components together in a wide variety of applications. Due to their distinct manner, several variables must be considered in the selection and use of socket set screws, such as point style, size, drive system, required holding power and more.

Point Selection Point selection is fully dependent upon the application. Considerations in selecting a point style include holding power, frequency of setting and hardness of mating pairs, as well as other variables. The ability to develop holding power will vary between point styles. Type A Cup Point: The most widely used point style, it is considered very effective in securing a variety of components to a shaft. Secure set is enabled by the sharp cup edges’ ability to cut in the shaft. Flat Point: Recommended where continued re‑adjustments are made and minimal mating part deformation is necessitated. Recommended for thin wall thicknesses and/or soft plugs. Type C External Knurled Cup Point: Allows quick and permanent location of collars, gears, knobs, pulleys, shafts, and other similar products. The knurls help the fastener resist rotation -and loosening due to vibration.

Cone Point: Used for permanent location of parts. Deep penetration gives highest axial and torsional holding power. In material over Rockwell C15, the point is spotted to half its length to develop shear strength across the point. Also used for pivots and fine adjustments. Oval Point: Recommended where periodic adjustments are required. This design is beneficial where minimal contact surface deformation is desired. The radial point configuration allows a consistent firm contact when seated in varying degrees from perpendicularity. The oval point is also recommended for use when seating into shaft grooves of varying types. - 34 -

Highest Holding Power Cone Point Cup Point Flat Point Dog Point Oval Point Lowest Holding Power

Half Dog Point: Generally used for the permanent location of one part to another. Point is spotted in hole drilled in shaft or against flat (milled). Often replaces dowel pins. Works well against hardened members or hollow tubing if plastic locking element is used to hold it in place. Type G Internal Knurled Cup Point: Engineered for use in applications normally associated with the cup point. Locking knurls provide additional back out resistance under vibration.

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Socket Set Screws - Inch Sizes Holding Power: Whereas socket screws rely on tension to create clamping forces, set screws rely on compression to develop holding power, which is the key component in set screw joints. Holding power, typically defined as the amount of force a setscrew joint can withstand without movement, is created by frictional resistance developed when the set screw is tightened. In set screws joints, there are three types of holding power the engineer should be aware of: axial, torsional and dynamic. In some joints, only one type will affect the joint, while in others all three could affect the joint. Axial holding power is the amount of resistance to lateral movement the set screw can provide. See Table I-25 for the maximum amounts of axial holding power a cup point set screw can offer by size. However, the maximum amounts should never be used, as over-torquing to develop holding power can cause damage to the set screw and a loss of compressive power.

Axial Holding Power

Torsional holding power is the amount of resistance to rotational movement the set screw can provide. Both axial and torsional holding power are considered static, as they are based upon resistance under load. The approximate amount of torsional holding power a set screw Torsional can provide can be determined by multiplying Holding axial holding power by the shaft radius in inches Power (or T=F X R). For example, a 1/4" set screw being used on a 1/2" diameter shaft will provide 1000 lbs. of axial force. Taking 1000 lbs. of axial force (F) times the shaft radius of 1/4" (R) will net a torsional holding power of 250 in-lb. Dynamic holding power is based upon the set screw’s ability to keep the joint fastened under vibration and other dynamic loads. Failure or loosening due to dynamic loading will only occur if the forces acting upon the fastener exceed the axial or torsional holding powers, or there is a deformation of the fastener or engagement material. Holding power can be negatively impacted by such factors as improper hole alignment between the set screw and the axis of the shaft, high lubricity on the mating surface or improper seating torque. In some instances, more than one set screw will be required to attain the holding power required by the application. If more than one is used, the angle between the screws will most significantly affect the holding power. When the second screw is installed at a 180° angle from the first, holding power is increased by only 30%. As the angle between the screws decreases, Multiple Set Screws the overall holding power should increase up to approximately 100%. Actual holding power in your application should be determined through laboratory testing. - 35 -

Size: The diameter of the set screw will depend upon the application and the required holding power. As the diameter of the set screw increases, so does the holding power. For example, a 1/4" set screw typically provides a maximum of 1000 lbs holding power, while increasing the diameter to 5/16" will increase maximum holding power to 1500 lbs. The diameter of the set screw, in most cases, should be approximately half the diameter of the shaft. For example, when using a 1/2" diameter shaft, the set screw should be 1/4" in diameter. Seating Torque: Attaining proper seating torque is key in developing the desired axial and/or torsional holding powers. If the set screw is under-torqued, it will not develop enough compressive force to resist lateral and rotational movement. If it is over-torqued, recess and/or thread damage can occur, which will lead to application damage. Drive System: Most set screw users rely on the hex drive system. However, for high torque set screw applications, or automated assembly situations, the TORX PLUS® Drive System is recommended. Some manufacturers have experienced recess splitting when using hex set screws in high torque applications, causing excessive rework and assembly line downtime. By converting to the TORX PLUS Drive, they are able to drive the set screws at very high torque levels without recess damage. Also, the TORX PLUS Drive allows quicker engagement of the screw on the assembly line for increased production speed. Other Variables: Other issues to consider include the relative hardness of the set screw point and the shaft and the frequency of the screws’ setting – i.e., are they permanent, semi-permanent, or frequently re-set.

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Hardened Ground Machine Dowel Pins - Inch Sizes A

4° to 16° B

L ± 0.010

Table I-26: Dimensions of Hardened Ground Machine Dowel Pins

Nominal Nominal Size Pin Dia. 1/16 0.0625 3/32 0.0938 1/8 0.1250 3/16 0.1875 1/4 0.2500 5/16 0.3125 3/8 0.3750 7/16 0.4375 1/2 0.5000 5/8 0.6250 3/4 0.7500 7/8 0.8750 1 1.0000

A Pin Diameter Standard Series Pins Oversize Series Pin max. min. Basic max. min. Basic 0.0627 0.0628 0.0626 0.0635 0.0636 0.0634 0.0940 0.0941 0.0939 0.0948 0.0949 0.0947 0.1252 0.1253 0.1251 0.1260 0.1261 0.1259 0.1877 0.1878 0.1876 0.1885 0.1886 0.1884 0.2502 0.2503 0.2501 0.2510 0.2511 0.2509 0.3127 0.3128 0.3126 0.3135 0.3136 0.3134 0.3752 0.3753 0.3751 0.3760 0.3761 0.3759 0.4377 0.4378 0.4376 0.4385 0.4386 0.4384 0.5002 0.5003 0.5001 0.5010 0.5011 0.5009 0.6252 0.6253 0.6251 0.6260 0.6261 0.6259 0.7502 0.7503 0.7501 0.7510 0.7511 0.7509 0.8752 0.8753 0.8751 0.8760 0.8761 0.8759 1.0002 1.0003 1.0001 1.0010 1.0011 1.0009

Point Diameter

Crown Height or Radius

max.

min.

max.

min.

0.058 0.089 0.120 0.180 0.240 0.302 0.365 0.424 0.486 0.611 0.735 0.860 0.980

0.048 0.079 0.110 0.170 0.230 0.290 0.350 0.409 0.471 0.595 0.715 0.840 0.960

0.020 0.031 0.041 0.062 0.083 0.104 0.125 0.146 0.167 0.208 0.250 0.293 0.333

0.008 0.012 0.016 0.023 0.031 0.039 0.047 0.055 0.063 0.078 0.094 0.109 0.125

Notes for Hardened Ground Machine Dowel Pins 1. Diameters a. Size: Hardened ground machine dowel pins are furnished in two diameter series: - Standard series with basic diameters 0.0002" over the nominal diameter, intended for initial installations. - Oversized series with basic diameters 0.001" over the nominal diameter, intended for replacement use. For both series, the diameter is to be ground, or ground and lapped, to within ±0.0001" of the respected basic diameters, as specified in Table I-26.

c. Preferred lengths are shown in the table below.

b. Roundness: The outer periphery of hardened ground machined dowel pins is to conform to true round about the longitudinal axis of the pin within 0.0001", when measured with equipment that will detect a lobed surface. 2. Length a. Measurement: The length of the hardened ground machine dowel pin is to be measured overall from end to end, parallel to the axis of the pin. b. Tolerance on length: The tolerance on the length of the hardened ground machine dowel pin is to be ±0.010".

d. Effective length: The effective length ”L” (that portion of the pin bounded by the length of point on one end and the radius of the crown on the other) on short dowel pins shall not be less than 75% of the overall length of the pin. For the pin lengths affected, it may be necessary to deviate from the specified dimensions by reducing the crown radius and height or increasing the point angle, or both. e. Straightness: Machine dowel pins are to be straight over the effective length with an accumulative total of 0.0005" per inch of length for nominal lengths up to and including 4", and within 0.002" total for all nominal lengths over 4".

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Pin Size 1/16 5/32 1/8 3/16 1/4 5/16 3/8 7/16 1/2 5/8 3/4 7/8 1

Preferred Lengths 3/16, 1/4, 5/16, 3/8, 7/16, 1/2, 5/8, 3/4, 1 3/16, 1/4, 5/16, 3/8, 7/16, 1/2, 5/8, 3/4, 1 3/8, 7/16, 1/2, 5/8, 3/4, 1, 1-1/4, 1-3/4, 2 1/2, 5/8, 3/4, 1, 1-1/4, 1-3/4, 2 1/2, 5/8, 3/4, 1, 1-1/4, 1-3/4, 2, 2-1/4, 2-1/2 1/2, 5/8, 3/4, 1, 1-1/4, 1-3/4, 2, 2-1/4, 2-1/2, 3 1/2, 5/8, 3/4, 1, 1-1/4, 1-3/4, 2, 2-1/4, 2-1/2, 3 1, 1-1/4, 1-3/4, 2, 2-1/4, 2-1/2, 3 3/4, 1, 1-1/4, 1-3/4, 2, 2-1/4, 2-1/2, 3, 3-1/2, 4 1, 1-1/4, 1-3/4, 2, 2-1/4, 2-1/2, 3, 3-1/2, 4 2, 2-1/4, 2-1/2, 3, 3-1/2, 4, 4-1/2, 5, 6 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 2, 2-1/2, 3, 3-1/2, 4, 4-1/2, 5, 6

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Hardened Ground Machine Dowel Pins - Inch Sizes 3. Surface Roughness: The surface roughness on hardened ground machine dowel pins is not to exceed 8 microinches (mathematical average) on the effective length nor 125 microinches (mathematical average) on all other surfaces. Refer to ANSI B46.1, Surface Texture. For pins having additive finishes, these limits will apply prior to coating. 4. End Contours: The ends of hardened ground machine dowel pins are to be reasonably flat and perpendicular to the axis of the pin. One end of the pin shall be pointed and the other end crowned to the dimensions specified in Table I-26. On the pointed end, the edge formed by the surface of point and the end of pin may be slightly rounded or broken. 5. Point Concentricity: For pins having nominal lengths equal to four times the basic pin diameter and longer, the concentricity between the diameter of the point and the pin diameter is to be such that the minimum length of point on the pin is not less than 0.010". 6. Designation: Hardened ground machine dowel pins shall be designated by the following data, in the sequence shown: product name (noun first) including pin series; nominal pin diameter (fraction or decimal equivalent); length (fraction or decimal equivalent); material and protective finish, if required. Examples:

b. Through Hardened Pins: At manufacturer’s option, pins smaller than 1/8" nominal size may be through hardened to a hardness of Rockwell C50 to C58. However, in no instance is the hardness of the pin surface to be softer than that of the core. c. Shear Strength: Hardened ground machine dowel pins are to have a single shear strength of 130,000 psi minimum. They are to be capable of withstanding the minimum double shear loads specified in Table I-27 when tested in accordance with Double Shear Testing of Pins ANSI B18.8.2. d. Ductility: Hardened ground machine dowel pins shall have sufficient ductility to withstand being press into a hole 0.0005" smaller than the nominal diameter in hardened steel without cracking or shattering. 9. Hole Sizes: Because of the wide variety of materials and design requirements in which dowel pins are used, it is not possible to provide hole size recommendations that will be suitable for all applications. The suggested hole sizes in Table I-27 are commonly used from press fitting standard series machine dowel pins into materials such as mild steel and cast iron. In soft materials, such as aluminum or zinc die castings, hole size limits are usually decreased by 0.0005" to increase the press fit.

Pin, Hardened Ground Machine Dowel – Standard Series, 3/8" x 1-1/2", Steel, Phosphate-Coated

Holes for oversize series machine dowel pins may best be determined by the user to suit the particular application.

Table I-27: Mechanical and Application Data Nom. Size 1/16 5/64 3/32 1/8 5/32 3/16 1/4 5/16 3/8 7/16 1/2 5/8 3/4 7/8 1

Pin, Hardened Ground Machine Dowel – Oversize Series, 0.6150" x 2.500", Steel 7. Material: Hardened ground machine dowel pins shall be made from any carbon or alloy steel capable of being heat-treated to a core hardness of Rockwell C50 minimum and having sulphur and phosphorous content not in excess of 0.05% and 0.04% respectively. Hardness (case hardened) Surface – Rockwell C60 Core – Rockwell C47 to C58 Hardness (through hardened) Rockwell C50 to C58 8. Heat treatment: Pins shall be hardened by quenching in oil from the austenitizing temperature and tempering to meet the following: a. Case hardened pins: Pins shall be case hardened to a minimum case depth of 0.010" for nominal pin sizes 5/32", or smaller, and 0.015" for nominal pin sizes 3/16" and larger. The case is to have a minimum surface hardness of Rockwell C60, or equivalent, and the core hardness is to be Rockwell C47 to C58.

Suggested Hole Diameter for Standard Series Pins

Double Shear Load (Lb)

max.

min.

0.0625 0.0781 0.0938 0.1250 0.1562 0.1875 0.2500 0.3125 0.3750 0.4375 0.5000 0.6250 0.7500 0.8750 1.0000

0.0620 0.0776 0.0933 0.1245 0.1557 0.1870 0.2495 0.3120 0.3745 0.4370 0.4995 0.6245 0.7495 0.8745 0.9995

800 1240 1800 3200 5000 7200 12800 20000 28700 39100 51000 79800 114000 156000 204000

Applications Hardened ground machine dowel pins are intended for applications where precise locating of mating parts is essential, such as for doweling hardened tool and machine components or to serves as stops, guides, load-bearing pins, etc. where strength, shock or wear features necessitate a hardened pin.

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Hex Keys and Bits - Inch Sizes W

Y W

R B

K 90° ± 2°

Wrench

Bit

Table I-28: Dimensions of Hex Keys and Bits Key or Bit Size and Socket Size

Hex Width Across Flats

Hex Width Across Corners

Length of Short Arm

C Length of Long Arm Short Series Long Series

Radius Chamfer of Bend Length

nom.

dec.

max.

min.

max.

min.

max.

min.

max.

min.

max.

min.

max.

1/16 5/64 3/32 7/64 1/8 9/64 5/32 3/16 7/32 1/4 5/16 3/8 7/16 1/2 9/16 5/8 3/4 7/8 1

0.028 0.035 0.050 0.062 0.078 0.094 0.109 0.125 0.141 0.156 0.188 0.219 0.250 0.312 0.375 0.438 0.500 0.562 0.625 0.750 0.875 1.000

0.0280 0.0350 0.0500 0.0625 0.0781 0.0937 0.1094 0.1250 0.1460 0.1562 0.1875 0.2187 0.2500 0.3125 0.3750 0.4375 0.5000 0.5625 0.6250 0.7500 0.8750 1.0000

0.0275 0.0345 0.0490 0.0615 0.0771 0.0927 0.1079 0.1235 0.1391 0.1547 0.1860 0.2172 0.2485 0.3110 0.3735 0.4355 0.4975 0.5600 0.6225 0.7470 0.8720 0.9970

0.0314 0.0393 0.0560 0.0701 0.0880 0.1058 0.1238 0.1418 0.1593 0.1774 0.2135 0.2490 0.2845 0.3570 0.4285 0.5005 0.5715 0.6420 0.7146 0.8580 1.0020 1.4700

0.0300 0.0378 0.0540 0.0680 0.0859 0.1035 0.1210 0.1390 0.1566 0.1745 0.2105 0.2460 0.2815 0.3531 0.4238 0.4944 0.5650 0.6356 0.7080 0.8512 0.9931 1.1350

0.312 0.438 0.625 0.656 0.703 0.750 0.797 0.844 0.891 0.938 1.031 1.125 1.219 1.344 1.469 1.594 1.719 1.844 1.969 2.219 2.469 2.719

0.125 0.250 0.438 0.468 0.516 0.562 0.609 0.656 0.703 0.750 0.844 0.938 1.031 1.156 1.281 1.406 1.531 1.656 1.781 2.031 2.281 2.531

1.132 1.132 1.750 1.844 1.969 2.094 2.219 2.344 2.469 2.594 2.844 3.094 3.344 3.844 4.344 4.844 5.344 5.844 6.344 7.344 8.344 9.344

1.125 1.125 1.562 1.656 1.781 1.906 2.031 2.156 2.281 2.406 2.656 2.906 3.156 3.656 4.156 4.656 5.156 5.656 6.156 7.156 8.156 9.156

2.688 2.766 2.938 3.094 3.281 3.469 3.656 3.844 4.031 4.219 4.594 4.969 5.344 6.094 6.844 7.594 8.344 9.094 9.844 11.344 12.844 14.344

2.500 2.578 2.750 2.906 3.094 3.281 3.468 3.656 3.843 4.031 4.406 4.781 5.156 5.906 6.656 7.406 8.156 8.906 9.656 11.156 12.656 14.156

0.062 0.062 0.062 0.062 0.078 0.094 0.109 0.125 0.141 0.156 0.188 0.219 0.250 0.312 0.375 0.438 0.500 0.562 0.625 0.750 0.875 1.000

0.003 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.008 0.009 0.014 0.015 0.016 0.016 0.022 0.024 0.030 0.032 0.044 0.047 0.050 0.053 0.055 0.070 0.076 0.081

Notes for Hex Keys and Bits 1. Ends: Each end shall be square with the axis of the respective arms of keys and the longitudinal axis of bits within 4°. The edges may be sharp radiused or chamfered at the option of the manufacturer. Where ends are chamfered, the length of the chamfer shall not exceed the values listed for ”K” in Table I-28. 2. Truncation of Hex Corners: The truncation or rounding of the hexagon corners within the specified width across corner dimensions shall be evident on all corners.

3. Plated Keys and Bits: For plated hex keys or bits, all dimensions are before plating. 4. Designation: Hex keys are bits shall be designated by the following data in the sequence shown below. Nominal key (or bit) size, product name, series (for keys), protective coating, if required. Examples: 1/8 Hex Key, Short Series 0.125 Hex Key, Long Series, Nickel Plated

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Hex Keys and Bits - Inch Sizes Table I-29: Applicability of Hex Keys and Bits

Key or Bit Size nom. dec. 0.028 0.035 0.050 1/16 0.062 5/64 0.078 3/32 0.094 7/64 0.109 1/8 0.125 9/64 0.141 5/32 0.156 3/16 0.188 7/32 0.219 1/4 0.250 5/16 0.312 3/8 0.375 7/16 0.438 1/2 0.500 9/16 0.562 5/8 0.625 3/4 0.750 7/8 0.875 1 1.000

Flat Countersunk Button Low Head Cap Head Cap Head Cap Cap Screws Screws Screws Screws Nominal Screw Size

0 1 2&3 4&5 6 8 10 1/4 5/16 3/8 7/16 & 1/2

nominal

1/16 5/64 3/32 7/64 1/8 9/64 5/32 3/16 7/32 1/4 5/16 3/8 7/16 1/2 9/16 5/8 3/4 7/8 1

decimal 0.028 0.035 0.050 0.062 0.078 0.094 0.109 0.125 0.141 0.156 0.188 0.219 0.250 0.312 0.375 0.438 0.500 0.562 0.625 0.750 0.875 1.000

Set Screws 0&1 2 3&4 5&6 8 10

4 5&6 8 10

0 1&2 3&4 5&6 8

0&1 2 3&4 5&6 8

1/4

5/16 3/8 7/16 1/2 5/8

1/4 5/16 3/8 7/16 1/2 5/8

1/4 5/16 3/8

5/16 3/8

5/16 3/8 7/16 1/2 5/8 3/4

5/8

3/4 7/8 1 1-1/8

3/4 7/8 & 1 1-1/8 & 1-1/4 1-3/8 & 1-1/2

Table I-30: Torsional Strength Key Size

Shoulder Screws

Torsional Strength In-Lb min. 0.94 1.80 5.25 10.25 20.00 35.00 55.00 82.00 118.00 160.00 278.00 440.00 665.00 1,275.00 2,200.00 3,500.00 5,200.00 6,500.00 9,000.00 15,500.00 24,600.00 28,800.00

1-1/2

1/2 5/8

1/2 5/8 3/4 1 1-1/4

1-3/4

7/8 1 & 1-1/4 1-1/4 & 1-3/8 1-1/2 1-3/4 & 2

5. Material: Hex keys and bits shall be fabricated from an alloy steel having two or more of the following alloying elements: chromium, nickel, molybdenum or vanadium in sufficient quantity to assure that the minimum hardness of Rockwell C48 at the surface for sizes up to and including 3/8" and C45 for sizes over 3/8" can be met when the keys and bits are hardened by quenching from the austenitizing temperature and tempered. Torsional strength requirements and test procedures for inch hex keys and bits are per Federal Spec. GGG-K-275. Hardness: Sizes up to and including 3/8"............ Rockwell C48 Sizes over 3/8".......................................Rockwell C45

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TORX PLUS® Keys and Bits - Inch Sizes Stamp “TORX PLUS (Size)IP”

B A

G C

Wrench

Bit

Table I-31: Dimensions of TORX PLUS Drive Keys and Bits A TORX PLUS Width including Lobes Drive Size 6IP 7IP 8IP 9IP 10IP 15IP 20IP 25IP 27IP 30IP 40IP 45IP 50IP 55IP 60IP 70IP 80IP 90IP 100IP

Width

Length of Configuration

Length of Short Arm

D Length of Long Arm Short Series Long Series

ref.

max.

min.

nom.

0.066 0.078 0.090 0.098 0.107 0.128 0.151 0.173 0.195 0.216 0.260 0.306 0.346 0.440 0.520 0.610 0.689 0.783 0.870

0.057 0.058 0.069 0.075 0.082 0.099 0.118 0.132 0.152 0.168 0.202 0.241 0.269 0.351 0.407 0.481 0.537 0.618 0.686

0.035 0.042 0.048 0.052 0.057 0.067 0.079 0.091 0.102 0.113 0.136 0.159 0.180 0.225 0.270 0.315 0.356 0.405 0.450

0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.66 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.84 0.94 1.03 1.13 1.25 1.38 1.50 1.63 1.75 1.88 2.13

1.66 1.88 1.88 1.88 2.00 2.13 2.25 2.38 2.50 2.75 3.00 3.25 3.75 4.25 4.75 5.25 5.75 6.25 7.25

3.38 3.56 3.75 3.94 4.13 4.50 4.88 5.25 6.00 6.75 7.50 8.25 9.00 9.75 11.25

Notes for TORX PLUS Drive Keys 1. All hand tools (keys) are to have straight end or 5° point chamfer as shown in Table I-31 above. No shear taper or burrs allowed on end. 2. Plating: For TORX PLUS Drive keys, all dimensions are before plating. If plating is required, keys will be considered special.

4. Designation: TORX PLUS keys shall be designated by the following data in the sequence shown below. TORX PLUS key size, product name, series and protective coating (if required). Examples: 8IP TORX PLUS key, short series

3. Dimensions: “A” and “B” are to be gaged.

30IP TORX PLUS key, long series, nickel plated

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TORX PLUS® Keys and Bits - Inch Sizes Table I-32: Applicability of TORX PLUS Keys and Bits Drive Size 6IP 7IP 8IP 9IP 10IP 15IP 20IP 25IP 27IP 30IP 40IP 45IP 50IP 55IP 60IP 70IP 80IP 90IP 100IP

Cap Screws 0 1 2&3 4&5 6 8 10 1/4 5/16 3/8 7/16 & 1/2 5/8 3/4 7/8 1 1-1/4

Low Head Cap Flat Countersunk Screws Head Cap Screws

6IP 7IP 8IP 9IP 10IP 15IP 20IP 25IP 27IP 30IP 40IP 45IP 50IP 55IP 60IP 70IP 80IP 90IP 100IP

0.066 0.077 0.090 0.097 0.107 0.128 0.151 0.173 0.195 0.216 0.260 0.306 0.345 0.440 0.520 0.610 0.689 0.783 0.870

Shoulder Screws

Set Screws 3 4 5&6 8 10

4&5 6 8

8 10 1/4 5/16 3/8 1/2

1/4 5/16 3/8 7/16 & 1/2 5/8 3/4

Table I-33: Torsional Strength of TORX PLUS Keys Drive Size

Button Head Cap Screws

Torsional Strength In-Lb min. 8.11 14.90 24.70 30.90 39.60 71.40 119.00 173.00 256.00 348.00 605.00 1,013.00 1,435.00 3,061.00 4,922.00 8,058.00 11,422.00 17,036.00 23,412.00

4 6 8 1/4

1/4

10 1/4

5/16

5/16 3/8

3/8 1/2

5/16 3/8 7/16 1/2

1/2 5/8

5/8 3/4

5/8 3/4 7/8 & 1

5. Material: TORX PLUS keys shall be made of an alloy steel hardened and tempered so as to comply with the physical and mechanical requirements of Federal Specification GGG-K-275 and TORX PLUS Standard TXD‑703. 6. Torque: Maximum ultimate torque to be tested to fixture per TORX PLUS Standard TXD-821.

Applications: TORX PLUS keys and bits are intended to be used for tightening and loosening all fasteners incorporating a TORX PLUS Drive recess. Use With Socket Screws: For applicability of TORX PLUS keys to various socket screw types and sizes, see Table I-32 at the top of this page.

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Notes

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Metric Socket Screw Standards Contents – Metric Sizes Socket Head Screws Socket Button Head Cap Screws Socket Flat Countersunk Screws Socket Set Screws – Cup Points Hex Keys and Bits TORX PLUS® Drive Keys and Bits

ANSI/ASME B18.3.1M B18.3.5M B18.3.4M B18.3.6M

ISO 4762 7991 4029

Page No. 46 – 50 51 – 52 53 – 56 57 – 59 60 – 61 62 – 63

Any Camcar® metric socket screw can meet either ANSI/ASME or ISO standards per your request. All dimensional data contained in this manual are per ANSI standards. Please contact an applications specialist at Decorah Operations for ISO information.

Related Standards ANSI/ASME B1.3M..... Screw Thread Gaging Systems for Acceptability of Metric Screw Threads B1.7M.................Nomenclature, Definitions and Letter Symbols for Screw Threads B1.13M...................................................................... Metric Screw Thread – M Profile B1.16M...................................... American Gaging Practice for Metric Screw Threads B18.3.1M......................................................... Socket Head Cap Screws, Metric Series B18.3.2.M.................................................................. Hex Keys and Bits, Metric Series B18.3.3M........................................ Hex Socket Head Shoulder Screws, Metric Series B18.3.4M.................................... Hex Socket Button Head Cap Screws, Metric Series B18.3.5M............................. Hex Socket Flat Countersunk Cap Screws, Metric Series B18.3.6M................................................................... Socket Set Screws, Metric Series B18.8.3M..........................................................................................Metric Dowel Pins B18.12..................................................... Glossary of Terms for Mechanical Fasteners B18.13.1M.................................. Screw and Washer Assemblies – Sems, Metric Sems B18.22M.......................................................................... Plain Washers, Metric Series ASTM A 574M................................................................Alloy Steel Socket Head Cap Screws F 835M.......................................Alloy Steel Button Head and Flat Head Cap Screws F 912M........................................................................................Alloy Steel Set Screws ISO ISO-68............................................... General Purpose Screw Threads – Basic Profile ISO-262..........................General Purpose Metric Screw Threads – Selected Sizes for Screws, Bolts and Nuts ISO-2936........................................................................................... Hex Keys – Metric ISO-7379........................................................................ Socket Head Shoulder Screws ISO-4762................................................................................ Socket Head Cap Screws ISO-4026.......................................................................Socket Set Screws – Flat Point ISO-4027.................................................................... Socket Set Screws – Cone Point ISO-4028...................................................................... Socket Set Screws – Dog Point ISO-4029...................................................................... Socket Set Screws – Cup Point ISO-7380....................................................................Hex Socket Button Head Screws - 43 -

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Socket Screw Standards - Metric Sizes Camcar® metric socket screw threads meet the requirements of ANSI/ASME B1.13M, Metric Screw Threads, M Profile, Coarse Series, with a Tolerance Class of 4g6g or 6g6g. The following provides a quick overview of ISO thread tolerancing. For more information on metric screw thread Tolerance Grades and Positions, refer to ANSI B1.13M. Table M-1: Tolerance Grade and Position Designations Tolerance Grade Amount of Tolerance For Major Dia. For Pitch Dia. 0 3 4 4 6 8 Large

Tolerance Position (Allowance) h

5 6 7 8 9

NOTE: Be sure to use small letters (h, g, e) to designate external threads; capital letters designate internal threads. Bold numbers in the table above indicate tolerance grade used with normal length of thread engagement.

The thread designations shown in Table M-1 apply to external threads. They are designed to prevent the potential for interference with the desired fit unless specifically designed. Accommodation is provided to vary the amount of tolerance (tolerance grade) and the location of the tolerance starting position (allowance) for both the pitch diameter and the major diameter on external threads. The grade designations can be seen in Table M-1 to the left. A tolerance position of “h” provides no allowance in tolerance, creating a tighter fit. The tolerance position “g” provides some tolerance allowance, while “e” provides the most tolerance allowance. Position "g" indicates an allowance for plating has been built into the size. Proper Thread Designation for Metric Fasteners

Example: M8 x 1.25 4g6g Tolerance Class for Major Diameter Tolerance Class for Pitch Diameter Thread Pitch Nominal Diameter

4g6g Tolerance Position Major Diameter Tolerance Grade Tolerance Position Pitch Diameter Tolerance Grade

Camcar metric socket head cap screws are manufactured to property class 12.9, which is the ANSI B18.3M specification. However, outside the United States, manufacturing of socket head cap screws to other classes is permitted. If your application requires property class 12.9 socket head cap screws, it is important that you verify with your supplier that what you are buying meets those specifications. Combining high-stressed socket screws joints with a corrosive environment increases the risk of stress corrosion failure.

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Socket Screw Standards - Metric Sizes D basic major dia. D max. major dia.

D min. D2 major basic dia. major D2 dia. max. major D2 dia. min. major dia.

D1 basic minor dia. flat root D3 basic minor dia. round root

Table M-2: External Thread-Limiting Dimensions for M Profile Tolerance Classes 4g & 6g D

Tolerance Class 4g6g D2 D1 D3 Minor Minor Dia. Dia. Round Pitch Dia. Flat Form Form

Basic Major Thread Diameter Designation Allowance max. min. max. min. M1.6 x 0.35 0.019 1.581 1.496 1.354 1.314 M2 x 0.4 0.019 1.981 1.886 1.721 1.679 M2.5 x 0.45 0.020 2.480 2.380 2.188 2.143 M3 x 0.5 0.020 2.980 2.874 2.655 2.607 M4 x 0.7 0.022 3.978 3.838 3.523 3.467 M5 x 0.8 0.024 4.976 4.826 4.456 4.396 M6 x 1 0.026 5.974 5.794 5.324 5.253 M8 x 1.25 0.028 7.972 7.760 7.160 7.085 M10 x 1.5 0.032 9.968 9.732 8.994 8.909 M12 x 1.75 0.034 11.966 11.701 10.829 10.734 M16 x 2 0.038 15.962 15.682 14.663 14.563 M20 x 2.5 0.042 19.958 19.623 18.334 18.228 M24 x 3 0.048 23.952 23.577 22.003 21.878

Tol.

max.

0.040 0.042 0.045 0.048 0.056 0.060 0.071 0.075 0.085 0.095 0.100 0.106 0.125

min.

1.202 1.548 1.993 2.439 3.220 4.110 4.891 6.619 8.344 10.072 13.797 17.252 20.704

1.098 1.433 1.866 2.299 3.036 3.904 4.637 6.315 7.850 9.656 13.331 16.688 20.030

Tolerance Class 6g D1 D3 Minor Minor Dia. Dia. Round Pitch Dia. Flat Form Form D2

max.

min.

Tol.

max.

min.

1.354 1.721 2.188 2.655 3.523 4.456 5.324 7.160 8.994 10.829 14.663 18.334 22.003

1.291 1.654 2.117 2.580 3.433 4.361 5.212 7.042 8.862 10.679 14.503 18.164 21.803

0.063 0.067 0.071 0.075 0.090 0.095 0.112 0.118 0.132 0.150 0.160 0.170 0.200

1.202 1.548 1.993 2.439 3.220 4.110 4.891 6.619 8.344 10.072 13.797 17.252 20.704

1.075 1.408 1.840 2.272 3.002 3.869 4.596 6.272 7.938 9.601 13.271 16.624 19.955

Table M-3: Limit Values for M Profile Minimum Rounded Root Radius P 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.75 0.8 1

Root Radius 0.125P min. 0.025 0.031 0.038 0.044 0.050 0.056 0.620 0.075 0.088 0.094 0.100 0.125

P 1.25 1.5 1.75 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 8

Root Radius 0.125P min. 0.156 0.188 0.219 0.250 0.312 0.375 0.438 0.500 0.562 0.625 0.688 0.750 1.000

basic M profile R min. = 0.125P

D3 max. rounded root minor dia. D3 minimum minor dia.

- 45 -

D1 max. flat root minor dia.

D1 basic minor dia.

D2 basic pitch dia.

R min. = 0.125P

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Socket Head Cap Screws - Metric Sizes H

20° A

Table M-4: Dimensions of Hex and TORX PLUS® Metric Socket Head Cap Screws D

Nominal Size Body Dia. x Thread Pitch max. min. M1.6 x 0.35 1.60 1.46 M2 x 0.4

2.00

Head Dia. max.

min.

TORX PLUS Chamfer Chamfer Hex Drive Recess Key Key Wall or or Socket Head Height Radius Size Dim. Engmt. Size Engmt. Thick. Radius min.

max.

3.00

2.87

max.

1.60

1.52

0.16

1.86

3.80

3.65

2.00

1.91

0.20

ref.

6IP

1.75

min.

0.77

nom.

min.

1.5

0.80

0.54

max.

0.08

1.5

1.00

0.68

0.08

M2.5 x 0.45

2.50

2.36

4.50

4.33

2.50

2.40

0.25

8IP

2.39

1.05

2.0

1.25

0.85

0.08

M3 x 0.5

3.00

2.86

5.50

5.32

3.00

2.89

0.30

10IP

2.82

1.24

2.5

1.50

1.02

0.13

M4 x 0.7

4.00

3.82

7.00

6.80

4.00

3.88

0.40

25IP

4.52

1.76

3.0

2.00

1.52

0.13

M5 x 0.8

5.00

4.82

8.50

8.27

5.00

4.86

0.50

27IP

5.08

2.24

4.0

2.50

1.90

0.13

M6 x 1

6.00

5.82 10.00

9.74

6.00

5.85

0.60

30IP

5.61

2.47

5.0

3.00

2.28

0.20

M8 x 1.25

8.00

7.78 13.00 12.70

8.00

7.83

0.80

45IP

7.92

3.48

6.0

4.00

3.20

0.20

M10 x 1.5

10.00

9.78 16.00 15.67 10.00

9.81

1.00

50IP

8.94

3.93

8.0

5.00

4.00

0.20

M12 x 1.75 12.00 11.73 18.00 17.63 12.00 11.79

1.20

55IP

11.33

5.15

10.0

6.00

4.80

0.25

16.00 15.73 24.00 23.58 16.00 15.76

1.60

70IP

15.72

7.39

14.0

8.00

6.40

0.25

M20 x 2.5 20.00 19.67 30.00 29.53 20.00 19.73

M16 x 2

2.00

90IP

20.19

9.67

17.0

10.00

8.00

0.40

2.40

100IP

22.10

10.79

19.0

12.00

9.60

0.40

M24 x 3

24.00 23.67 36.00 35.48 24.00 23.70

Notes For Metric Socket Head Cap Screws: 1. Body Diameter: The diameter of body throughout the body length shall be within the limits for “D” specified in Table M-4. For screws which are threaded full length, the diameter of the unthreaded portion of shank shall be within “D” maximum and the specified minimum pitch diameter. 2. Head Diameter: Heads may be plain or knurled at the option of the manufacturer, unless specified by the customer. For knurled screws, the maximum head diameter shall be measured across the tops of the knurl portion, or the diameter across the tops of the knurls for those screws not having an knurled portion, just above the radius or chamfer at the bottom edge of the head. 3. Top of Head: The top of head, excluding socket, shall be flat and chamfered or radiused at the periphery. The length of the chamfer or rounding measured on the side of the head shall not exceed the tabulated value for “S”.

4. Bearing Surface: The plane of the bearing surface shall be perpendicular to the axis of the screw within a maximum deviation of 1°. 5. Edge of Head: The edge between the bearing surface and the side of the head may be broken (rounded or chamfered) but the radius or chamfer measured along the bearing surface shall not exceed the values listed for “K”. 6. Total Runout: The total runout between thread, body and head on socket head cap screws shall assemble into a compound hole threaded at one end to the basic thread size (tolerance class 6H minimum) for a depth equivalent to 1.5 times the basic screw diameter, and counterbored at the other end to diameter AE in Table M-7 (page 49), and whose center portion is equal to DE. Diameters DE and AE shall be concentric with the axis of the thread within the equivalent 10% of the thread pitch diameter, The starting thread shall be chamfered and the corner at the junction of diameters AE and DE shall be rounded to a diameter equal to B maximum. - 46 -

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Socket Head Cap Screws - Metric Sizes 7. Concentricity: The head shall be concentric with the shank within 2% of the basic screw diameter, or 0.15mm, whichever is greater, FIM (Full Indicator Movement). Concentricity shall be measured with the screw being held within a distance equal to one screw diameter from the underside of head but beyond the underhead fillet. a. Socket True Position: The axis of the socket shall be located at true position relative to the axis of the screw within a tolerance zone having a diameter equal to 3% of the basic screw diameter or 0.26mm, whichever is greater, for nominal screw sizes up to and including 12mm, and equal to 6% of the basic screw diameter for sizes larger than 12mm, regardless of feature size. 8. Underhead Fillet: For all lengths of screws, the form of the underhead fillet shall be optional within the following provisions (see Table M-5): The fillet shall be a smooth and continuous concave curve fairing into the bearing surface within the limits for diameter “B”, with a juncture radius of not less than “F” and blending into the shank at a distance from the head not exceeding “E” as determined at the basic screw diameter “D” (see illustration above Table M-5). 9. Length: The length of the screw is the distance measured on a line parallel to the axis, from the plane of the bearing surface under the head to the extreme end of the shank.

Table M-5: Dimensions of Underhead Fillets

Nom. Size M1.6 M2 M2.5 M3 M4 M5 M6 M8 M10 M12 M16 M20 M24

B E F Transition Transition Juncture Radius Thread Diameter Length Pitch max. min. max. max. 0.35 2.0 1.8 0.34 0.10 0.4 2.6 2.2 0.51 0.10 0.45 3.1 2.7 0.51 0.10 0.5 3.6 3.2 0.51 0.10 0.7 4.7 4.4 0.60 0.20 0.8 5.7 5.4 0.60 0.20 1 6.8 6.5 0.68 0.25 1.25 9.2 8.8 1.02 0.40 1.5 11.2 10.8 1.02 0.40 1.75 14.2 13.2 1.87 0.60 2 18.2 17.2 1.87 0.60 2.5 22.4 21.6 2.04 0.80 3 26.4 25.6 2.04 0.80

10. Standard Lengths: The standard length increments for metric socket head cap screws shall be as follows: 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, 25, 30, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 70, 75, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140 and 150mm. 11. Length Tolerances: The allowable tolerance on length shall be bilateral as shown to the right. Length Tolerances 12. Thread Series and Form: Unless otherwise specified, M1.6 thru M12 thru Over threads shall be the metric coarse series in accordance Nom. Screw Size M10 M20 M20 with ANSI B1.13M, Metric Screw Threads – M Profile. Nom. Screw Length Tolerance on Length 13. Thread Tolerance Class: Threads shall be tolerance Up to 16mm, incl. ±0.3 ±0.3 – class 4g6g. For plated screws, the allowance g may Over 16 to 50mm, incl. ±0.4 ±0.4 ±0.7 be consumed by the thickness of plating, so that the Over 50 to 120mm, incl. ±0.7 ±1.0 ±1.5 maximum limit of size after plating shall be tolerance Over 120mm to 200mm, incl. ±1.0 ±1.5 ±2.0 class 4h6h. Thread limits shall be in accordance with Over 200 mm ±2.0 ±2.5 ±3.0 ANSI B1.13M. Gaging shall be in conformance to System 22 of ANSI B1.3M. 14. Thread Length: The length of complete thread LT shall be controlled by the grip length LG and the length of total thread LTT shall be controlled by the body length LB. The LT minimum and LTT maximum values shown on Table M-8 are reference dimensions intended for calculation purposes only, in accordance with Note 19. 15. Point: The end on screws of 5mm nominal size and larger, and of nominal lengths equivalents to 0.75 times the basic screw diameter, shall be chamfered. The chamfer shall extend slightly below the root of the thread and the edge between the flat and chamfer may be slightly rounded. The included angle of the point shall be approximately 90°. Chamfering on screw sizes up to and including 4mm and of larger sizes having lengths shorter than 0.75 times the basic screw diameter shall be optional. 16. Threaded Full Length Screws: Screws of nominal lengths above those shown in Table M-4 or, for nominal sizes larger than 24mm, have lengths which are equal to or shorter than LTT, shall be threaded for full length. On these screws for nominal sizes 1.6 through 16mm, the complete (full-form) threads, as determined by a GO thread ring gage, having the countersunk and a counterbore removed, assembled by hand as far as the thread will permit, shall extend to within two pitches (threads) of the underside of the head. For sizes larger than 16mm, the complete threads shall extend as close to the head as possible. - 47 -

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Socket Head Cap Screws - Metric Sizes 17. Grip Length LG: Grip Length is the distance, measured parallel to the axis of the screw, from the bearing surface of the head to the first complete (fullform) thread under the head. The part being clamped must not be thinner than the grip length, LG, in order to ensure the screw can properly be seated. 18. Body Length LB: Body length is the length, measured parallel to the axis of the screw, of the unthreaded portion of the shank. 19. Non-Tabulated Sizes and Lengths: For screws of nominal lengths not listed in Table M-5 and for nominal sizes larger than 24mm, the length shall be calculated as follows: Maximum grip length: LG = L – LT Minimum body length: LB = L – LTT Where L = Nominal screw length LT = Minimum thread length LTT = Maximum total thread length Screws having nominal lengths falling between those for which LG and LB values are tabulated in Table M-6 shall have LG and LB dimensions conforming to the next shorter tabulated nominal length for the respective screw size.

L LTT LT

Table M-6: Body and Grip Length Nom Size Nom. Length 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 80 Nom Size Nom. Length 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 Nom Size Nom. Length 60 65 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150

- 48 -

M1.6 M2 M2.5 M3 LG LB LG LB LG LB LG LB 4.8 3.0 4.0 2.0 9.8 8.0 9.0 7.0 8.0 5.7 7.0 4.5 14.8 13.0 14.0 12.0 13.0 10.7 12.0 9.5 19.0 17.0 18.0 15.7 17.0 14.5 24.0 22.0 23.0 20.7 22.0 19.5 28.0 25.7 27.0 24.5 33.0 30.7 32.0 29.5 37.0 34.5 42.0 39.5 47.0 44.5

M5 LG LB 13.0 9.0 18.0 14.0 23.0 19.0 28.0 24.0 33.0 29.0 38.0 34.0 43.0 39.0 48.0 44.0 58.0 54.0 68.0 64.0 78.0 74.0

M6 LG LB 11.0 6.0 16.0 11.0 21.0 16.0 26.0 21.0 31.0 26.0 36.0 31.0 41.0 36.0 46.0 41.0 56.0 51.0 66.0 61.0 76.0 71.0 86.0 81.0 96.0 91.0

M12 M16 LB LG LB LG 24.0 15.2 29.0 20.2 29.0 20.2 44.0 35.2 36.0 26.0 54.0 45.2 46.0 36.0 64.0 55.2 56.0 46.0 74.0 65.2 66.0 56.0 84.0 75.2 76.0 66.0 94.0 85.2 86.0 76.0 104.0 95.2 96.0 86.0 114.0 105.2 106.0 96.0

M8 LG

10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 50.0 60.0

6.5 11.5 16.5 21.5 26.5 31.5 36.5 41.5 46.5 56.5

M10 LG LB

17.0 10.7 22.0 15.7 27.0 20.7 32.0 25.7 37.0 30.7 36.0 37.0 52.0 45.7 62.0 55.7 72.0 65.7 82.0 75.7 92.0 85.7 102.0 95.7 112.0 105.7 122.0 115.7 M20 LG LB

18.0 10.5 23.0 15.5 28.0 20.5 33.0 25.5 30.7 33.0 48.0 40.5 58.0 50.5 68.0 60.5 78.0 70.5 88.0 80.5 98.0 90.5 108.0 100.5 118.0 110.5 M24 LG LB

38.0 48.0 58.0 68.0 78.0 88.0 98.0

40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0

25.5 35.5 45.5 55.5 65.5 75.5 85.5

M4 LG L B

25.0 35.0 45.0 55.0 65.0 75.0

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Socket Head Cap Screws - Metric Sizes Table M-7: Functional Limits for Runout of Head, Body and Thread Nom. Size M1.6 M2 Nom. Length Hole Diameters for Shank (DE) and Head (AE) over – to, incl. DE AE DE AE 0-6 1.66 3.21 2.05 4.00 6 - 12 1.72 3.27 2.11 4.06 12 - 20 1.80 3.35 2.18 4.13 20 - 25 1.85 3.40 2.22 4.17 25 - 35 2.31 4.26 Nom. Size M2.5 M3 Nom. Length Hole Diameters for Shank (DE) and Head (AE) DE AE DE AE over – to, incl. 0 - 12 2.60 4.75 3.09 5.74 12 - 25 2.70 4.85 3.18 5.83 20 - 25 2.78 4.93 3.25 5.90 25 - 35 2.90 5.05 3.36 6.01 Nom. Size M4 M5 Nom. Length Hole Diameters for Shank (DE) and Head (AE) DE AE DE AE over – to, incl. 0 - 20 4.13 7.28 5.12 8.77 20 - 35 4.22 7.37 5.20 8.85 35 - 60 4.38 7.58 5.34 8.99 60 - 70 4.44 7.59 5.39 9.04 Nom. Size M6 M8 Nom. Length Hole Diameters for Shank (DE) and Head (AE) DE AE DE AE over – to, incl. 0 - 25 6.13 10.18 8.11 13.27 25 - 50 6.26 10.41 8.22 13.38 50 - 70 6.36 10.51 8.31 13.47 70 - 100 6.51 10.66 8.44 13.60 100 - 150 6.64 10.79 8.64 13.80 Nom. Size M10 M12 Nom. Length Hole Diameters for Shank (DE) and Head (AE) over – to, incl. DE AE DE AE 0 - 25 10.10 16.30 12.09 18.33 25 - 50 10.20 16.40 12.18 18.42 50 - 70 10.28 16.48 12.25 18.49 70 - 100 10.40 16.60 12.36 18.60 100 - 150 10.60 16.80 12.54 18.78 Nom. Size M16 M20 Nom. Length Hole Diameters for Shank (DE) and Head (AE) over – to, incl. DE AE DE AE 0 - 50 16.16 24.48 20.14 30.54 50 - 100 16.16 24.64 20.28 30.68 100 - 150 16.47 24.79 20.42 30.82 Nom. Size M24 Hole Diameters for Nom. Length Shank (DE) & Head (AE) DE AE over – to, incl. 0 - 50 24.13 36.61 50 - 100 24.26 36.74 100 - 150 24.38 36.86

20. Surface Roughness: For alloy steel screws of nominal sizes up to and including 16mm, and nominal lengths equal to and less than 8 times the basic screw diameter, the surface roughness on the screws before plating shall not exceed 1.6 micrometers AA on the fillet and head bearing surfaces, nor exceed 0.8 micrometers AA on the threads.

For larger sizes and longer lengths, the surface roughness of the screws prior to plating shall not exceed 3.2 micrometers AA on the body, fillet and head bearing surfaces.

Normally, it should be sufficient to ascertain that these surfaces on screws have the equivalent of a smooth machined finish by visual comparison with known surface standards. However, where it is practical and deemed necessary to measure those screw surfaces with commercially available equipment, roughness measurements shall be taken axially on the body and fillet surfaces, and circ*mstantially on the bearing surface.

Table M-8: Screws Beyond Sizes in Table M-6 Nominal Screw Size M1.6 M2 M2.5 M3 M4 M5 M6 M8 M10 M12 M16 M20 M24

LT Thread Length

LTT Total Thread Length

min.

max.

15.2 16.0 17.0 18.0 20.0 22.0 24.0 28.0 32.0 36.0 44.0 52.0 60.0

17.0 18.0 19.3 20.5 23.5 26.0 29.0 34.3 39.5 44.8 54.0 64.5 75.0

NOTE: The LT minimum and LTT maximum values shown on Table M-8 are reference dimensions intended for calculation purposes only, in accordance with Note 19.

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Socket Head Cap Screws - Metric Sizes

60°

Table M-9: Drill and Counterbore Sizes A X C Nom. Nominal Drill Size Counter- CounterScrew Close Normal bore sink Size Fit Fit Dia. Dia. M1.6 1.80 7.95 3.50 2.0 M2 2.20 2.40 4.40 2.6 M2.5 2.70 3.00 5.40 3.1 M3 3.40 3.70 6.50 3.6 M4 4.40 4.80 8.25 4.7 M5 5.40 5.80 9.75 5.7 M6 6.40 6.80 11.25 6.8 M8 8.40 8.80 14.25 9.2 M10 10.50 10.80 17.25 11.2 M12 12.50 12.80 19.25 14.2 M16 16.50 16.75 25.50 18.2 M20 20.50 20.75 31.50 22.4 M24 24.50 24.75 37.50 26.4

Table M-10: Mechanical and Application Data Nominal Tensile Strength Size x Min. Thread Pitch kN Lbf M3 x 0.5

6.14 1,380

Single Shear* Body Section kN*

Lbf*

Suggested Seating Torque** Plain Finish Nm** In-Lb**

4.9 1,095

2.6

8.7 1,947

21. Close Fit is normally limited to holes for those lengths of screws threaded to the head in assemblies in which (1) only one screw is used or (2) two or more screws are used but the mating holes are produced at assembly or by matched and coordinated tooling. 22. Normal Fit: Intended for (1) screws of relatively long length or (2) assemblies that involve two or more screws and where the mating holes are produced by conventional tolerancing methods. It provides for the maximum allowable eccentricity of the longest standard screws and for certain deviations in the parts being fastened, such as deviations in hole straightness; angularity between the axis of the tapped hole and that the shank hole; differences in center distances of the mating holes; and other deviations. 23. Countersink: It is considered good practice to countersink the edges of holes which are smaller than “C” max. (see Table M-9) in parts having a hardness which approaches, equals or exceeds the screw hardness. If such holes are not countersunk, the heads of screws may not seat properly or the sharp edges on the hole may deform the fillets on the screws, making them susceptible to fatigue in applications involving dynamic loading. The countersink, or corner relief, should not be longer than is necessary to insure that the fillet on the screw is cleared. The diameter of countersink does not have to exceed “C” max. Countersinks in excess of this diameter reduce the effective bearing area and introduce the possibility of embedment where the parts to be fastened are softer than the screws or of brinelling or flaring the heads of the screws where the parts to be fastened are harder than the screws. 24. Material: STANLEY Engineered Fastening metric socket head cap screws shall conform to property class 12.9 and be fabricated from an alloy steel having one or more of the following alloying elements: chromium, nickel, molybdenum or vandium, in suffidient quantity to assure that the specified hardness range of Rockwell C38 to C44. Decarbutization and carburization limits shall be the same as those specified for metric socket head cap screws in ASTM Specification A 574M, Alloy Steel Socket Head Cap Screws (Metric). Tensile Strength (PSI min.):.................................177,000 Tensile Strength (MPa min.):...................................1,220 Yield Strength (PSI min.).................................... 160,000 Yield Strength (MPa min.)....................................... 1,100

M4 x 0.7

10.7 2,410

6.1

M5 x 0.8

17.3 3,890

13.5 3,043 12.39

109

M6 x 1

24.5 5,510

19.5 4,382

20.9

185

50.8

450

Hardness......................................... Rockwell C38 to C44

54.1 12,173 100.8

892

Applications This product is a high tensile strength fastener designed for use in applications where the material being clamped is of sufficient hardness – generally Rockwell B90/614 MPa ultimate tensile strength for steel and cast iron is adequate for the pre-load induced by the above seating torques; softer materials may require a washer under the head to prevent indentation. The application can be recessed with a counterbore where clearance for open and socket wrenches is a problem. Typical applications include use in a machine assembly, punch press tooling, bearing caps, split collars, etc.

M8 x 1.25 44.6 10,030 34.6 M10 x 1.5 70.8 15,920

7,791

M12 x1.75 103.0 23,150 78.0 17,530 175.9 1,554 M16 x 2 192.0 43,160 138.6 31,164 437.0 3,964 M20 x 2.5 299.0 67,220 217.0 48,695 851.0 7,536 M24 x 3 431.0 96,890 312.0 70,120 1,471 13,026 * Based on 100 ksi shear strength ** Seating torques calculated to induce 65,000 psi tensile stress with a “K” factor of 0.21

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Button Head Cap Screws - Metric Sizes A1

I R

B F

Slight flat and/or countersink permissible

Table M-11: Dimensions of Hex and TORX PLUS® Metric Button Head Cap Screws A1

A I J T G B E F L TORX PLUS Hex Hex D Head Head Side Recess Key Socket Key Wall Transition Transition Juncture Max. Nom. Size Height Height Drive Dia. Eng. Size Eng. Thickness Diameter Length Radius Length x Thread Diameter max. min. max. min. ref. min. max. min. max. min. nom. Pitch Size ref. min. nom. min. M3 x 0.5 5.70 5.40 1.65 1.43 0.38 8IP 2.39 0.81 2 1.04 0.20 3.6 3.2 0.51 0.10 12 M4 x 0.7 M5 x 0.8

7.60

7.24 2.20 1.95

0.38

15IP

9.50

3.35 1.14

2.5

1.30

0.30

4.7

4.4

0.60

0.20

9.14 2.75 2.50 0.50

25IP

4.52 1.54

1.56

0.38

5.7

5.4

0.60

0.20

10.50 10.07 3.30 3.00 0.80

27IP

5.08 1.73

2.08

0.74

6.8

6.5

0.68

0.25

M8 x 1.25 14.00 13.57 4.40 4.05 0.80

40IP

6.76 2.30

2.60

1.05

9.2

8.8

1.02

0.40

M10 x 1.5 17.50 17.07 5.50 5.20 0.80

45IP

7.92 2.69

3.12

1.45

11.2 10.8

1.02

0.40

M12 x 1.75 21.00 20.48 6.60 6.24 0.80

55IP 11.33 4.02

4.16

1.63

14.2 13.2

1.87

0.60

M6 x 1

Notes For Socket Button Head Cap Screws: 1. Head Height: The tabulated head heights represent metal to metal measurements; i.e., the truncation of the rounded surface caused by the socket is not considered part of the head height.

screw sizes up to and including 12mm, and equal to 6% of the basic screw diameter for sizes larger than 12mm, regardless of feature size.

2. Bearing Surface: The plane of the bearing surface is to be perpendicular to the axis of the shank within 2°. 3. Concentricity: The head is to be concentric to the axis of the shank of the screws within 6% of the specified head diameter or 0.2mm, whichever is greater, FIM (Full Indicator Movement).

Concentricity shall be measured with the screw being held by the threads next to the head (within a distance equal to one screw diameter) and indicating the outer surface of the head on the rounded portion, adjacent to, but not on, the extreme periphery of the head.

4. Socket True Position: The axis of the socket shall be located at true position relative to the axis of the screw within a tolerance zone having a diameter equal to 3% of the basic screw diameter or 0.26mm, whichever is greater, for nominal

5. Fillet: For all lengths of screws, the form of the fillet at junction of head and shank shall be optional within the following provisions: the fillet shall be a smooth and continuous concave curve fairing into the bearing surface within the limits for diameter “B”, with a juncture radius of not less than “F”, and blending into the shank at a distance from the head not exceeding “E”, as determined at the basic screw diameter “D”. 6. Wall Thickness: The minimum wall thickness, “G”, specified in Table M-11, shall apply only to screws having nominal lengths shorter than two times the basic screw diameter which are not subject to tensile testing in accordance with Paragraph 16. 7. Length: The length of metric socket button head cap screws shall be measured parallel to the axis of the screw from the plane of the bearing surface under the head to the plane of the flat of the point.

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Socket Head Cap Screws - Metric Sizes 8. Standard Lengths: The standard lengths for metric socket button head cap screws shall be as follows: 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40mm. 9. Length Tolerances: The allowable tolerance on length shall be as tabulated below: Nominal Screw Length Up to 16mm, incl. Over 16mm to 60mm incl.

Tolerance on Length ±0.03 ±0.04

10. Threads: Unless otherwise specified, threads shall be the metric coarse series in accordance with American National Standard, Metric Screw Threads – M Profile, ANSI B1.13M or International Standard, General Purpose Metric Screw Threads – Selected Sizes for Screws, Bolts and Nuts, ISO 262-1973. The thread form shall conform to International Standard, General Purpose Metric Screw Threads – Basic Profile, ISO 68‑1973. 11. Tolerance Class: Threads shall be ISO Tolerance Class 4g6g. For plated screws, the allowance “g” may be consumed by the thickness of the plating, so that the maximum limit of size after plating shall be Tolerance Class 4h6h. Thread limits shall be in accordance with ANSI B1.13M. See Table M-2 on page 45, wherein the limiting dimensions applicable to threads before and after plating are given for reference purposes. The allowable “g” shown therein for those sizes has been increased over that specified in B1.13M. However, because the minimum limits are unchanged, the screws will be totally interchangeable. 12. Thread Gaging: Acceptability of screw threads shall be determined based upon System 22 of ANSI/ASME B1.3M. 13. Thread Length: Screws of nominal lengths equal to or shorter than the longest standard lengths listed under Column “L” in Table M-10 shall be threaded full length. The distance measure, parallel to the axis of screw, from the underside of the head to the face of a non‑counterbored or non-countersunk standard GO thread ring gage assembly by hand as far as the thread will permit shall not exceed two pitches (threads). 14. Point: The end on screws of 5mm nominal size and larger, and of nominal lengths equivalent to 0.75 times the basic screw diameter or longer, shall be chamfered. The chamfer shall extend slightly below the root of the thread and the edge between the flat, and chamfer may be slightly rounded. The included angle of the point shall be approximately 90°. Chamfering on screw sizes up to and including 4mm and of larger sizes having lengths less than 0.75 times the basic screw diameter shall be optional. 15. Material: Metric socket button head cap screws shall be fabricated from an alloy steel having one or more of the following alloying elements: chromium, nickel, molybdenum or vanadium, in sufficient quantity to assure that the specified core hardness range of Rockwell C38 to C44 is met when hardened by quenching from the austenitizing temperature and tempered at not lower than 343°C (650°F). Decarburization and carburization limits are specified in ASTM F 835M Alloy Steel Socket Button and Flat Countersunk Head Cap Screws. Hardness................................. Rockwell C38 to C44 16. Tensile Strength: Screws having a nominal length equal to or exceeding 2-1/4 times the basic screw diameter shall withstand without failure, the static tensile load listed in Table M-12 when tested in accordance with ASTM F 835M. Screws of shorter nominal lengths shall not be subject to tensile testing but accepted on the basis of meeting the hardness requirements.

Table M-12: Mechanical and Application Data

Applications This product is designed and recommended for applications where a lower profile then that of the normal socket head cap screw is required to prevent interference. Wrenchability is significantly reduced due to the smaller sockets and shallower key engagements and, because of the head configuration, the property class 12.9 tensile loads will not be met.

Nominal Size x Thread Pitch M3 x 0.5 M4 x 0.7 M5 x 0.8 M6 x 1 M8 x 1.25 M10 x 1.5 M12 x 1.75

Tensile Strength min. kN

Suggested Single Shear Seating Torque Body Section Plain Finish

Lbf

4.93 1,108.3 8.60 1,933.4 13.90 3,124.8 19.70 4,428.7 35.90 8,070.6 56.80 12,769.0 82.60 18,569.0

kN*

Lbf*

Nm**

In-Lb**

4.9 8.7 13.5 19.5 34.6 54.1 78.0

1,095 1,947 3,043 4,382 7,781 12,173 17,530

1.4 3.3 6.7 11.3 27.5 54.6 95.1

12.5 29.0 59.0 100.0 244.0 483.0 842.0

* Based on 100 ksi shear strength ** Seating torques calculated to induce 65,000 psi tensile stress with a “K” factor of 0.21

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Flat Countersunk Head Cap Screws - Metric Sizes A1 A1

L Theoretical Sharp

Absolute Minimum

I R

F D

84° 80°

A See Note 14

Table M-13: Dimensions of Hex and TORX PLUS® Metric Flat Countersunk Head Cap Screws D

Nominal Body Size x Thread Diameter Pitch max. min. M3 x 0.5 3.00 2.86

Head Height TORX PLUS Head Dia. Hex Hex Fillet Wall Extension Drill Drive Recess Key Socket Key TheoreDim. Engmt. Size Engmt. Thickness Above D Allow. tical Absol. Flush Size Sharp min. ref. Tol. ref. ref. min. nom. min. min. max. max. 6.72 5.35 1.86 0.30 10IP 2.82 0.96 2.0 1.1 0.25 0.25 0.3

M3 x 0.5 3.00 2.86

6.72

5.35

1.86

0.30

10IP

2.82

0.96

2.0

1.1

0.25

0.3

M4 x 0.7 4.00 3.82

8.96

7.80

2.48

0.30

20IP

3.94

1.34

2.5

1.5

0.45

0.35

0.4

M5 x 0.8 5.00 4.82

11.20

9.75

3.10

0.35

25IP

4.52

1.54

3.0

1.9

0.66

0.40

0.5

13.44

11.70

3.72

0.35

30IP

5.61

1.91

4.0

2.2

0.70

0.50

0.6

7.78

17.92

15.60

4.96

0.40

40IP

6.76

2.30

5.0

3.0

1.16

0.60

0.8

M10 x 1.5 10.00 9.78

22.40

19.50

6.20

0.50

50IP

8.94

3.04

6.0

3.6

1.62

0.80

0.9

M6 x 1

6.00 5.82

M8 x 1.25 8.00

Notes For Metric Socket Flat Countersunk Head Cap Screws: 5. Concentricity: Concentricity of the thread with the body is to be within 0.13mm per mm of body length (unthreaded portion) full (total) indicator reading taken directly under the head when the screw is held by the full threads closet to the head of the screw and is not to exceed 0.64mm.

1. Body Diameter: The term body refers to the unthreaded cylindrical portion of the shank for those screws not threaded to the head. 2. Head Diameter: The maximum sharp values under Column A1 are theoretical values only as it is not practical to make the edges of the head sharp. The maximum sharp value represents the exact diameter of the hole countersunk to exactly 82° in which a screw having maximum head height will just fit flush. 3. Head Height: The tabulated values for head height are given for reference only and are calculated to the maximum formulation. 4. Flushness Tolerance: The flushness tolerance is the distance the top surface of a screw having the minimum head size will be below the flush condition in a hole countersunk exactly 82° to the maximum sharp dimension listed in Column A1. The top of the head is to be flat within the limits of the flushness tolerance.

6. Socket True Position: The axis of the socket shall be located at true position relative to the axis of the screw within a tolerance zone having a diameter equal to 3% of the basic screw diameter or 0.26mm, whichever is greater, for nominal screw sizes up to and including 12mm, and equal to 6% of the basic screw diameter for sizes larger than 12mm, regardless of feature size. 7. Fillet: A fillet between the conical bearing surface of the head and the shank (body) of the screw is allowable above the maximum tabulated value for “D” with the value listed for “F”. 8. Length Measurement: The length of the screw shall be measured parallel to the axis of the screw from the plane of the top of the head to the extreme end of the shank.

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Flat Countersunk Head Cap Screws - Metric Sizes Table M-14: Body and Grip Length Nom. Size Nom. Length 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 80 Nom. Size Nom. Length 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 80 90 100 110 120 Nom. Size Nom. Length 50 55 60 65 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 Nom. Size Nom. Length 65 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150

M3 LG 17.0 22.0 27.0 32.0 37.0

M4 LB 14.5 19.5 24.5 29.5 34.5

LG 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 50.0 60.0

M5 LG 18.0 23.0 28.0 33.0 38.0 43.0 48.0 58.0 68.0 78.0

M6 LB 14.0 19.0 24.0 29.0 34.0 39.0 44.0 54.0 64.0 74.0

21.0 26.0 31.0 36.0 41.0 46.0 56.0 66.0 76.0 86.0 96.0

16.0 21.0 26.0 31.0 36.0 41.0 51.0 61.0 71.0 81.0 91.0

M8 LG 22.0 27.0 32.0 37.0 42.0 52.0 62.0 72.0 82.0 92.0 102.0 112.0 122.0

M10 LB 15.7 20.7 25.7 30.7 35.7 45.7 55.7 65.7 75.7 85.7 95.7 105.7 115.7

28.0 33.0 38.0 48.0 58.0 68.0 78.0 88.0 98.0 108.0 118.0

20.5 25.5 30.5 40.5 50.5 60.5 70.5 80.5 90.5 100.5 110.5

M12 LG 29.0 34.0 44.0 54.0 64.0 74.0 84.0 94.0 104.0 114.0

LB 11.5 16.5 21.5 26.5 31.5 36.5 41.5 46.5 56.5

9. Standard Lengths: The standard length increments for metric socket head cap screws shall be as follows: 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, 25, 30, 40, 45, 50, 55 and 60mm. 10. Length Tolerances: The allowable tolerance on length shall be as tabulated below: Nominal Screw Length Standard Length Increment Up to 16mm, incl. ±0.3mm Over 16mm to 60mm, incl. ±0.5mm Over 60mm to 150 mm, incl. ±0.8mm

11. Threads: Unless otherwise specified, threads shall be metric coarse series in accordance with American National Standard, Metric Screw Threads – M Profile, ANSI B1.13M. 12. Thread Tolerance Class: Threads shall be tolerance class 4g6g. For plated screws, the allowance g may be consumed by the thickness of plating, so that the maximum limit of size after plating shall be tolerance class 4h6h. Thread limits shall be in accordance with ANSI B1.13M. Gaging shall be in conformance to System 22 of ANSI B1.3M. 13. Thread Length LT: The thread length is controlled by the grip length LG specified in Table M-14. 14. Grip Length LG: The grip length is the distance, measured parallel to the axis of the screw, from the top of the head to the first complete (full form) thread under the head (see Table M-13). The tabulated LG values are maximum and represent the minimum design grip length, including the reference head height of the screw. They should be measured from the top of the head to the face of a GO thread ring gage, having the thread countersink and/or counterbore removed, which has been assembled by hand as far as the thread will permit. The tabulated LB values are minimum and represent the minimum body length, including the reference head height of the screw. They are equal to LG minus 5 times the pitch of the thread for the respective screw size.

M16 LB 20.2 25.2 35.2 45.2 55.2 65.2 75.2 85.2 95.2 105.2

36.0 46.0 56.0 66.0 76.0 86.0 96.0 106.0

26.0 36.0 46.0 56.0 66.0 76.0 86.0 96.0

Screws having nominal lengths falling between those for which LG and LB values are tabulated in Table M-13 should have LG and LB dimensions conforming with those of the next shorter nominal length for the desired screw size.

15. Thread to Head: For screws of nominal lengths above those shown in Table M-14, the thread length shall govern the grip and body lengths. On these screws, the complete full-form thread, measured with a thread ring gage, having the thread chamfer and/or counterbore removed, should extend to within 2 pitches (threads) of the intersection of the conical portion of the head with the body diameter. - 54 -

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Flat Countersunk Head Cap Screws - Metric Sizes 16. Body Length LB: The body length is the length of the unthreaded portion of the shank and the head height. 17. Point: The end on screws of 5mm nominal size and larger and of nominal lengths equivalent to 1.5 times the basic screw diameter or longer shall be chamfered. The chamfer shall extend slightly below the root of the thread and the edge between the flat, and chamfer may be slightly rounded. The included angle of the point shall be approximately 90°. Chamfering on screw sizes up to and including 4mm and of larger sizes having lengths less than 1.5 times the basic screw diameter shall be optional. 18. Non-tabulated Sizes and Lengths: For screws of nominal length not listed in Table M-14 and for nominal sizes larger than 24mm, the maximum grip length LG and minimum body length LB shall be determined from the following: Maximum grip length: LG = L – LT Minimum body length: LB = L – LTT Where L = Nominal screw length LT = Minimum thread length from Table M-14 LTT = Maximum total thread length from Table M-14

L LG

19. Surface Roughness: For alloy steel screws of nominal sizes up to and including 16mm, and nominal lengths equal to and less than 8 times the basic screw diameter, the surface roughness on the screws before plating shall not exceed 1.6 micrometers AA on the fillet and head bearing surfaces, nor exceed 0.8 micrometers AA on the threads. For larger sizes and longer lengths, the surface roughness of the screws prior to plating shall not exceed 3.2 micrometers AA on the body, fillet and head bearing surfaces. Normally, it should be sufficient to ascertain that these surfaces on screws have the equivalent of a smooth machined finish by visual comparison with known surface standards. However, where it is practical and deemed necessary to measure those screw surfaces with commercially available equipment, roughness measurements shall be taken axially on the body and fillet surfaces, and circ*mstantially on the bearing surface. 20. Material: Metric socket button head cap screws shall be fabricated from an alloy steel having one or more of the following alloying elements: chromium, nickel, molybdenum or vanadium, in sufficient quantity to assure that the specified core hardness range of Rockwell C38 to C44 is met when hardened by quenching from the austenitizing temperature and tempered at not lower than 343°C (650°F). Decarburization and carburization limits are specified in ASTM F 835 Alloy Steel Socket Button and Flat Countersunk Head Cap Screws. Hardness....................................... Rockwell C38 to C44 Table M-15: Screws Beyond Sizes in Table M-13 Nominal Screw Size M1.6 M2 M2.5 M3 M4 M5 M6 M8 M10 M12 M16 M20 M24

L LTT LT

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LT Thread Length

LTT Total Thread Length

min.

max.

15.2 16.0 17.0 18.0 20.0 22.0 24.0 28.0 32.0 36.0 44.0 52.0 60.0

17.0 18.0 19.3 20.5 23.5 26.0 29.0 34.3 39.5 44.8 54.0 64.5 75.0

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Flat Countersunk Head Cap Screws - Metric Sizes Table M-17: Mechanical and Application Data

90°

Table M-16: Drill and Counterbore Sizes A X C Nominal Nominal Drill Size Screw Counterbore Countersink Size Close Fit Normal Fit Diameter Diameter M1.6 1.80 7.95 3.50 2.0 M2 2.20 2.40 4.40 2.6 M2.5 2.70 3.00 5.40 3.1 M3 3.40 3.70 6.50 3.6 M4 4.40 4.80 8.25 4.7 M5 5.40 5.80 9.75 5.7 M6 6.40 6.80 11.25 6.8 M8 8.40 8.80 14.25 9.2 M10 10.50 10.80 17.25 11.2 M12 12.50 12.80 19.25 14.2 M16 16.50 16.75 25.50 18.2 M20 20.50 20.75 31.50 22.4 M24 24.50 24.75 37.50 26.4

Suggested Tensile Seating Nominal Strength Single Shear* Torque** Size x Min. Body Section Plain Finish Thread Pitch kN Lb kN Lb Nm In-Lb M3 x 0.5 4.93 1,108.3 4.9 1,095 1.7 15.5 M4 x 0.7 8.60 1,933.4 8.7 1,947 4.1 36.0 M5 x 0.8 13.90 3,124.8 13.5 3,043 8.2 73.0 M6 x 1 19.70 4,428.7 19.5 4,382 14.0 124.0 M8 x 1.25 35.90 8,070.6 34.6 7,791 34.1 302.0 M10 x 1.5 56.80 12,769.0 54.1 12,173 67.5 598.0 M12 x 1.75 82.60 18,569.0 78.0 17,530 117.0 1,042.0 M16 x 2 155.00 34,845.0 138.0 31,164 293.0 2,591.0 M20 x 2.5 240.00 53,954.0 217.0 48,695 571.0 5,054.0 * Based on 100 ksi shear strength ** Seating torques calculated to induce 65,000 psi tensile stress with a “K” factor of 0.21.

21. Tensile Strength: Screws having a nominal length equal to or exceeding 2-1/4 times the basic screw diameter shall withstand without failure, the static tensile load listed in Table M-16 when tested in accordance with ASTM F 606M. Screws of shorter nominal lengths shall not be subject to tensile testing but accepted on the basis of meeting the hardness requirements.

Applications Socket flat countersunk head cap screws are designed and recommended for applications where a flushseating socket head screw is desired. Wrenchability is limited by the socket size and key engagement. Because of the head configuration, this product is not recommended for use in high-strength applications or where maximum fatigue resistance is required.

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Socket Set Screws - Metric Sizes J

R D

D T

C Cup Point

Table M-18: Dimensions of Hex and TORX PLUS® Metric Cup Point Socket Set Screws D

A I J L T TORX PLUS Hex Nominal Min. Key Socket Nom. Engmt. Size x Recess Recess Key Dia. Engmt. Size Thread Size Screw Cup ref. min. nom. Lengths Point Pitch 2 0.6 2.5 1.1 M3 x 0.5 6IP 1.75 0.77 1.5 3 1.5 4 2.1 5 2.1 2.5 1.0 3 1.3 M4 x 0.7 8IP 2.39 1.05 2 4 1.8 5 2.3 6 2.3 3 1.2 4 2.0 M5 x 0.8 10IP 2.82 1.24 2.5 5 2.7 6 2.7 8 2.7 4 1.8 5 2.5 15IP/ 3.94 1.74 3 M6 x 1 20IP 6 3.0 8 3.0

Notes for Metric Cup Point Socket Set Screws: 1. Hex Key Engagement: For screws of nominal lengths exceeding those listed in Table M-18, the minimum key engagement “T” for the longest lengths shown shall apply. They represent the minimum key engagement depth necessary to develop the full functional capability of keys conforming to ANSI Metric Series Hexagon Keys and Bits, ANSI B18.3.2M-1979. Compliance with minimum depth requirements shall be determined by gaging in accordance with Table A-7, page 71. CAUTION: The use of set screws having a key engagement shallower than the deepest listed in Table M-18 for the respective screw size can result in failure of the socket, key, or mating thread during tightening because the key engagement and thread length are less than optimum. It is, therefore, strongly recommended that longer screw lengths having deepest minimum key engagements be used wherever possible. 2. TORX PLUS Drive Key Engagement: “I” shall apply for nominal lengths exceeding those listed in Table M-18. Screws shorter than those listed in Table M-18 shall have a key engagement as deep as practicable.

A I J L T TORX PLUS Hex Nominal Min. Key Socket Nom. Engmt. Size x Recess Recess Key Size Dia. Engmt. Size Thread Screw Cup ref. min. nom. Lengths Point Pitch 5 1.8 6 2.5 25IP/ M8 x 1.25 5.08 2.24 4 27IP 8 4.0 10 4.0 6 2.0 8 3.6 M10 x 1.5 40IP 6.76 2.97 5 10 5.0 12 5.0 8 3.0 10 4.5 M12 x 45IP 7.92 3.48 6 1.75 12 6.0 16 6.0 10 3.0 12 4.8 M16 x 2 55IP 11.33 5.15 8 16 8.0 20 8.0 12 16 6.0 M20 x 2.5 6IP 10 20 9.0 25 10.0

3. Face: The face is the flat surface on the socket end of the screw, bounded by the thread and the socket. a. Face angularity: The plane of the face shall be approximately perpendicular to the axis of the screw. b. Face Chamfer: The face on screws having a nominal length longer than the nominal screw diameter shall be chamfered. The chamfer angle V shall be between 30° and 45°. The chamfer shall extend slightly below the root of the thread, and the edge between the face and chamfer may be slightly rounded. For screws having a nominal length equal to the nominal diameter or shorter, chamfering shall be at the option of the manufacturer. If chamfered, the chamfer angle V shall not exceed 45°. 4. Socket True Position: The axis of the socket shall be located at true position relative to the axis of the screw within a tolerance zone having a diameter of 0.25mm regardless of feature size. 5. Length: The length of the screw shall be measured overall, parallel to the axis of screw.

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Socket Set Screws - Metric Sizes 6. Standard Lengths: The standard nominal lengths for set screws shall be as follows: 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, 25, 30, 40, 45, 50, 55 and 60mm. The minimum practical screw lengths for the respective screw sizes and point styles is represented by the shortest lengths listed in Table M-18 for which “T” and “I” values are shown. 7. Tolerance On Length: The tolerance on length shall be bilateral as tabulated below: Nominal Screw Length Up to 12mm, incl. Over 12mm to 50mm, incl. Over 50mm

Tolerance on Length ±0.3mm ±0.5mm ±0.8mm

13. Cup Points: Cup points are produced as Type I or Type III, as shown below. If another point type is required by a customer, it will be considered a special. Type I

Type III

Table M-19: Diameters of Metric Cup Point Socket Set Screw Points D

8. Threads: Unless otherwise specified, threads shall be the metric course series in accordance with ANSI Metric Screw Threads – M Profile, ANSI B1.13M. 9. Thread Tolerance Class: Threads shall be ISO Tolerance Class 4g6g. For plated screws, the allowance “g” may be consumed by the thickness of the plating, so that the maximum limit of size after plating shall be Tolerance Class 4h6h. Thread limits shall be in accordance with ANSI B1.13M. See Table M-2 on page 45, wherein the limiting dimensions applicable to threads before and after plating are given for reference purposes. The allowable “g” shown therein for those sizes has been increased over that specified in B1.13M. However, because the minimum limits are unchanged, the screws will be totally interchangeable. 10. Thread Gaging: At the maximum material limit, threads must be acceptable to thread GO ring gages conforming to American National Standard, American Gaging Practice for Metric Screw Threads, ANSI B1.16M. For the minimum material limit, threads shall be gaged with an indicating type gage having best wire size, single rib, radial contacts spaced 120 degrees apart, set with the respective Class W tolerance thread setting plug gage. Since standard gages provide only for engagement lengths up to the equivalent of 1.5 times the thread diameter, changes in pitch diameter of either or both external or internal threads may be required for longer lengths of engagement. 11. Points: Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, Camcar metric socket set screws shall have a cup point conforming to the dimensions in Table M-18. 12. Point Angles: The point angles specified shall apply only to those portions of the angles which lie below the root diameter of the thread, it being recognized that the angle may vary in the threaded portion due to manufacturing processes. The point angle or cup points shall be 45°; plus 5° minus 0° for screws of length equal to the nominal screw diameter and longer, and 30° minimum for shorter screws.

C Cup Point Dia. for Types I and III

Nom. Size M3 M4 M5 M6 M8 M10 M12 M16 M20

max.

min.

1.40 2.00 2.50 3.00 5.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 14.00

1.15 1.75 2.25 2.75 4.70 5.70 7.64 9.64 13.57

14. Material: Metric socket set screws shall be fabricated from an alloy steel having one or more of the following alloying elements: chromium, nickel, molybdenum, or vanadium, in sufficient quantity to assure that the specified core hardness range of Rockwell C48 to C53 for sizes up to and including 8mm and Rockwell C45 to C53 for sizes over 8mm is met when screw are hardened by quenching from the austenitizing temperature and tempered, meeting the requirements of ASTM F912M. Decarburization and carburization limits shall be as specified in ASTM F912M. Hardness Sizes up to and including 8mm.... Rockwell C48 to C53 Sizes over 8mm.............................. Rockwell C45 to C53 Table M-20: Mechanical and Application Data Nom. Screw Size M3 M4 M5 M6 M8 M10 M12 M16 M20

Nom. Key Size 1.5 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 8 10

Hex Min. Torsional Strength Nm

in-lb

1 2.1 4.7 7.7 17.8 35 57 126 252

8.9 19 42 68 158 310 504 1115 2230

Nom. Key Size 6IP 8IP 10IP 20IP 27IP 40IP 45IP 55IP 60IP

TORX PLUS Min. Torsional Strength Nm

0.92 2.79 4.47 13.4 28.95 68.4 114.4 345.9 556.2

in-lb

8.11 24.7 39.6 119 256 605 1013 3061 4922

Contact an applications specialist for recommended seating torque.

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Socket Set Screws - Metric Sizes Holding Power: Whereas socket screws rely on tension to create clamping forces, set screws rely on compression to develop holding power, which is the key component in set screw joints. Holding power, typically defined as the amount of force a setscrew joint can withstand without movement, is created by frictional resistance developed when the set screw is tightened. In set screws joints, there are three types of holding power the engineer should be aware of: axial, torsional and dynamic. In some joints, only one type will affect the joint, while in others all three could affect the joint. Axial holding power is the amount of resistance to lateral movement the set screw can provide. Contact an applications specialist for the maximum amounts of axial holding power a cup point set screw can offer by size. However, the maximum amounts should never be used, as over-torquing to develop holding power can cause damage to the set screw and a loss of compressive power.

Axial Holding Power

Torsional holding power is the amount of resistance to rotational movement the set screw can provide. Both axial and torsional holding power are considered static, as they are based upon resistance under load. The approximate amount of torsional holding power a set screw can provide can be Torsional determined by multiplying axial holding Holding Power power by the shaft radius in meters (or T=F x R). For example, a M6 set screw being used on a 0.012 m diameter shaft will provide 4000 N of axial force. Taking 4000 N of axial force (F) times the shaft radius of 0.006 m (R) will net a torsional holding power of 24 Nm. Dynamic holding power is based upon the set screw’s ability to keep the joint fastened under vibration and other dynamic loads. Failure or loosening due to dynamic loading will only occur if the forces acting upon the fastener exceed the axial or torsional holding powers or there is a deformation of the fastener or engagement material. Holding power can be negatively impacted by such factors as improper hole alignment between the set screw and the axis of the shaft, high lubricity on the mating surface or improper seating torque. In some instances, more than one set screw will be required to attain the holding power required by the application. If Multiple Set Screws more than one is used, the angle between the screws will most significantly affect the holding power. When the second screw is installed at a 180° angle from the first, holding power is increased by only 30%.

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As the angle between the screws decreases, the overall holding power should increase up to approximately 100%. Actual holding power in your application should be determined through laboratory testing. Size: For example, a M6 set screw typically provides a maximum of 4000 N holding power, while increasing the diameter to M8 will increase maximum holding power to 6200 N. The diameter of the set screw, in most cases, should be approximately half the diameter of the shaft. For example, when using a 12mm diameter shaft, the set screw should be M6 in diameter. Seating Torque: Attaining proper seating torque is key in developing the desired axial and/or torsional holding powers. If the set screw is under-torqued, it will not develop enough compressive force to resist lateral and rotational movement. If it is over-torqued, recess and/or thread damage can occur, which will lead to application damage. Drive System: Most set screw users rely on the hex drive system. However, for high torque set screw applications, or automated assembly situations, the TORX PLUS® Drive System is recommended. Some manufacturers have experienced recess splitting when using hex set screws in high torque applications, causing excessive rework and assembly line downtime. By converting to the TORX PLUS Drive, they are able to drive the set screws at very high torque levels without recess damage. Also, the TORX PLUS Drive allows quicker engagement of the screw on the assembly line for increased production speed. Other Variables: Other issues to consider include the relative hardness of the set screw point and the shaft; and the frequency of the screws’ setting – i.e., are they permanent, semi-permanent or frequently re-set.

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Hex Keys and Bits - Metric Sizes W

Y W

R B

K 90° ± 2°

Table M-21: Dimensions of Metric Hex Keys and Bits Key or Bit Size

Hexagon Width Across Flats

Hexagon Width Across Corners

Length of Short Arm

C Length of Long Arm Short Series Long Series

Radius Chamfer of Bend Length

nom.

max.

min.

max.

min.

max.

min.

max.

min.

max.

min.

max.

1.5 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 8 10 12 14 17 19

1.500 2.000 2.500 3.000 4.000 5.000 6.000 8.000 10.000 12.000 14.000 17.000 19.000

1.470 1.970 2.470 2.960 3.960 4.960 5.950 7.950 9.950 11.950 13.930 16.930 18.930

1.690 2.250 2.820 3.399 4.532 5.690 6.328 9.136 11.470 13.764 16.058 19.499 21.793

1.640 2.200 2.770 3.340 4.470 5.630 6.760 9.030 11.340 13.590 15.880 19.300 21.580

14 16 18 20 25 28 32 36 40 45 56 63 70

13 15 17 18 23 26 30 34 38 43 53 60 67

45 50 56 63 70 80 90 100 112 125

43 48 53 60 66 76 86 95 106 119

78 83 90 100 106 118 140 160 170 164

76 81 87 97 102 114 136 155 164 206

1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 17.0 19.0

0.14 0.14 0.14 0.18 0.24 0.30 0.36 0.49 0.62 0.76 0.85 1.04 1.16

Notes for Metric Hex Keys and Bits 1. Ends: Each end shall be square with the axis of the respective arms of keys and the longitudinal axis of bits within 4°. The edges may be sharp radiused or chamfered at the option of the manufacturer. Where ends are chamfered, the length of the chamfer shall not exceed the values listed for ”K” in Table M-21.

4. Large Keys and Bits: For nominal sizes above 25mm, it is recommended that bits be used in conjunction with standard wrenches or power drives. When the application makes the use of key necessary, the keys should conform to the dimensions specified herein. 5. Plated Keys and Bits: For plated hex keys or bits, all dimensions are before plating.

2. Truncation of Hex Corners: The truncation or rounding of the hexagon corners within the specified width across corner dimensions shall be evident on all corners. 3. Angle of Bend: The angle of bend between the axis of the short arm and the axis of the long arm on hex keys shall be 90°±2°.

4. Designation: Hex keys and bits shall be designated by the following data in the sequence shown below. Nominal key (or bit) size, product name, series (for keys) and protective coating, if required. Examples: 6mm Hex Key, Short Series 8mm Hex Key, Long Series, Nickel Plated 32mm Hex Bit

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Hex Keys and Bits - Metric Sizes 7. Material: Hex keys and bits shall be fabricated from an alloy steel having two or more of the following alloying elements: chromium, nickel, molybdenum or vanadium in sufficient quantity to assure that the mechanical and physical requirements specified in ANSI B18.3.2M can be met when the keys and bits are hardened by quenching from the austenitizing temperature and tempered. Metric hex keys and bits will have a hardness range of Rockwell C50 to C57 for nominal sizes up to and including 12mm, and Rockwell C45 to C53 for sizes 13mm and larger. For sizes 2mm and smaller, the microhardness requirement is Knoop 565 to 685 or the Vickers equivalent.

Table M-22: Torsional Strength of Metric Hex Keys Key Size

8. Torsional Strength: Torsional strength requirements and test procedures are per ASI B18.3.2M. See Table M-22 to the right.

Minimum Torsional Strength

in-lb

1.5 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 8 10 12 14 17 19

1.0 2.1 4.7 7.7 17.8 35.0 57.0 126.0 252.0 420.0 670.0 1180.0 1670.0

8.9 19.0 42.0 68.0 158.0 310.0 504.0 1115.0 2230.0 3780.0 6030.0 10620.0 15030.0

Hardness: Up to and including 12mm...........Rockwell C50 to C57 13mm and larger.............................Rockwell C45 to 53

Table M-23: Applicability of Metric Keys and Bits Nominal Screw Size Nom. Low Flat Button Key or Head Countersunk Head Bit Cap Cap Head Cap Cap Set Size Screws Screws Screws Screws Screws 1.5 M1.6, M2 M3 2 M2.5 M3 M3 M4 2.5 M3 M4 M4 M5 3 M4 M4 M5 M5 M6 4 M5 M5 M6 M6 M8 5 M6 M6 M8 M8 M10 6 M8 M8 M10 M10 M12 8 M10 M10 M12 M12 M16 10 M12 M12 M14, M16 M16 M20 12 M14 M14 M20 M24 14 M16 M16 17 M20 M20 19 M24 M24

Applications Metric series keys and bits are primarily intended to be used for tightening and loosening metric series hex socket screw products, but may also be suitable for use on other products having metric hexagon socket wrenching provisions. For applicability of keys and bits to various socket screw types and sizes, see Table M-23 to the left.

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TORX PLUS® Drive Keys and Bits - Metric Sizes Stamp “TORX PLUS (Size)IP”

B A

G C

Wrench

Bit

Table M-24: Dimensions of TORX PLUS Metric Keys and Bits A

B TORX PLUS Width incl. Lobes Width Drive Size 6IP 7IP 8IP 9IP 10IP 15IP 20IP 25IP 27IP 30IP 40IP 45IP 50IP 55IP 60IP 70IP 80IP 90IP 100IP

Length of Configuration

Length of Short Arm

D Length of Long Arm Short Series Long Series

ref.

max.

min.

nom.

1.68 1.98 2.20 2.46 2.72 3.25 3.84 4.39 4.95 5.49 6.60 7.77 8.79 11.18 13.20 15.49 17.51 19.88 22.09

1.31 1.51 1.76 1.90 2.07 2.50 2.98 3.37 3.86 4.27 5.13 6.13 6.83 8.93 10.33 12.21 13.64 15.70 17.42

0.89 1.06 1.22 1.32 1.44 1.71 2.01 2.31 2.59 2.86 3.45 4.04 4.56 5.76 6.86 8.00 9.04 10.28 11.43

15.50 15.50 15.50 15.50 16.80 17.81 19.10 20.30 21.30 23.90 26.20 28.70 31.80 35.10 38.10 41.28 44.45 47.63 53.98

42.16 47.80 47.80 47.80 50.80 54.10 57.20 60.50 63.50 69.90 76.20 82.60 95.30 108.00 120.65 133.35 146.05 158.75 184.15

85.90 90.41 95.30 100.11 104.90 114.30 124.00 133.40 152.40 171.50 190.55 209.55 228.60 247.65 286.75

Notes for TORX PLUS Metric Keys and Bits: 1. Ends: All hand tools (keys) are to have straight end or 5° point chamfer as shown above. No shear tapering or burrs allowed on end. 2. Dimensions: All dimensions are before plating. If plating is required, keys will be considered special. Dimensions “A” and “B” are to be gaged. 3. Designation: TORX PLUS keys shall be designated by the following data in the sequence shown: TORX PLUS drive size, product name, series, and protective coating, if required. Examples: 8IP, TORX PLUS key, short series 30IP, TORX PLUS key, long series, nickel-plated

4. Material: TORX PLUS keys shall be made of an alloy steel hardened and tempered so as to comply with the physical and mechanical requirements of Federal Specification GGG‑K‑275 and TORX PLUS Standard TMD‑703. 5. Torsional Strength: Minimum torsional strength to be tested through fixture per TORX PLUS Standard TMD‑703.

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TORX PLUS® Keys and Bits - Metric Sizes Table M-25: Torsional Strength of TORX PLUS Keys Minimum Torsional Strength Drive Size 6IP 7IP 8IP 9IP 10IP 15IP 20IP 25IP 27IP 30IP 40IP 45IP 50IP 55IP 60IP 70IP 80IP 90IP 100IP

0.92 1.68 2.79 3.49 4.47 8.06 13.40 19.60 28.95 39.30 68.40 114.40 162.10 345.90 556.20 910.55 1290.70 1925.00 2645.55

in. lb.

8.11 14.9 24.7 30.9 39.6 71.4 119.0 173.0 256.0 348.0 605.0 1,013.0 1,435.0 3,061.0 4,922.0 8,058.0 11,422.0 17,036.0 23,412.0

Note: When tested to failure, failure should occur with a clean, square shear fracture.

Table M-26: Applicability of Metric TORX PLUS Keys and Bits

Nom. Key or Bit Size 6IP 8IP 10IP 15IP 20IP 25IP 27IP 30IP 40IP 45IP 50IP 55IP 60IP 70IP 90IP 100IP

Nom. Screw Size Socket Low Flat Button Head Head Countersunk Head Cap Cap Head Cap Cap Set Screws Screws Screws Screws Screws M2 M1.8, M2 M3 M2.5 M3 M4 M3 M3 M3 M5 M4 M4 M4 M6 M4 M5 M5 M5 M5 M6 M8 M6 M6 M6 M8 M8 M10 M8 M8 M10 M12 M10 M10 M10 M12 M12 M12 M12 M16 M14 M16 M16 M16 M20 M20 M24

Applications: TORX PLUS keys and bits are intended to be used for tightening and loosening all fasteners incorporating a TORX PLUS Drive recess. Use With Socket Screws: For applicability of TORX PLUS metric keys to various socket screw types and sizes, see Table M-26 to the left.

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An Overview of Bolted Joint Design To assure proper bolted joint design, there are many critical factors to consider and steps to take; some are more important than others. The following is designed to provide only a basic discussion of proper joint design. A complete discussion of the topic would be impossible to cover here. If you would like more information on this topic, consult the ASTM International online library at www.astm.org, the most recent Fastener Standards by the Industrial Fasteners Institute, or your STANLEY Engineered Fastening applications specialist. Designing the Joint Bolt joint design is an iterative process, in that the designer will rely on trial and error, past experience, and their judgement to make some design decisions. As experience and knowledge increases, the designer is able to make better judgements regarding the effect of certain design parameters and decisions. However, regardless of the size, application or operating parameters of a joint, there are some steps which are commonly undertaken. 1. Define the purpose of the joint: In this step, define what the joint is designed to do, environmental conditions, cost targets, size and operating parameters, desired life, critical nature, potential failure modes and any other factors involved in the purpose of the joint. 2. Begin to design the joint: Determine the layout of the joint, including joint members, size, shape and material.

Clamp

3. Estimate service loads: Estimating service loads is a difficult but very important step, especially in critical joints. The static and dynamic loads to be considered include weight, pressure, shock, inertial effects, thermal effects, etc. Load intensifiers, such as prying and eccentricity, should also be considered. 4. Define bolts to be used: With the joint geometry and service loads established, the bolt size, number and strength can be determined. Bolt selection should include material, diameter, thread pitch, length, tensile strength, head style, drive style, thread style, hardness and finish. 5. Determine required minimum and maximum preload and minimum and maximum clamp load: The minimum and maximum preload at assembly should be selected to achieve the desired minimum and maximum clamp load for proper function of the joint throughout the life of the product. The minimum clamping force should be great enough to overcome vibration loosening, joint separation, slippage, fatigue, leakage and other similar type failures. Maximum clamp force should not be great enough to cause bolt yielding, joint crushing, stress cracking, fatigue failure, tensile failure or other similar failures in service.

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An Overview of Bolted Joint Design 6. Determine tightening methods and assembly line accuracy. During assembly, there are different fastener assembly methods and tightening strategies which must be considered. With these come variances in the accuracy of achieving desired preloads, K factors and the required tightening torque to achive the bolt preload range. Among the potential tightening strategies and their preload accuracy are: Torque: ±35% Torque-Angle: ±15% Torque-to-Yield ±7% These should be considered before finalizing the joint design, so necessary adjustments can be made to ensure the joint remains reliable during service life. In determining torque for achieving desired preload, the following equations should be used: T=KDP Tension

7. Finalize joint design: At this point, it may be necessary to make changes in the joint material, bolt preload range, bolt selection, tightening methods, etc., depending upon what was determined during the other steps of the joint design process. 8. Test the application: While joint design continues to become a more exact science as the technical knowledge of fastening increases, there is yet to be a fail-safe method that can eliminate the need for testing in realworld conditions, especially in critical joints. It is highly recommended that testing be performed to prove your joint design and ensure your application achieves the desired level of reliability.

Screw Diameter K Factor (nut factor) Torque

For example, a 1/4" socket screw with UNRC threads and using a K factor of,0 .21 would have a minimum yield strength of 5,073 lbs. Using 75% of that, 3,805 lbs., gives us the pounds of tension induced in the bolt. Consequently, the formula becomes T=0.21 lbs x 0.25 in. x 3805 = 200 in-lb

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Inch and Metric Size Comparison Table A-1: Diameter/Thread Pitch Comparison Inch Sizes Dia. nom.

In.

0.0600

0.0730

0.0860

0.0990

0.1120

0.1250

0.1380

0.1640

0.1900

1/4

0.2500

5/16

0.3125

3/8

0.3750

7/16

0.4375

1/2

0.5000

5/8

0.6250

3/4

0.7500

7/8

0.8750

1.000

Metric Sizes TPI

Dia.

Pitch

TPI

nom.

In.

(Approx.)

M1.4

0.055

M1.6

0.063

0.079

M2.5

0.098

0.30 0.20 0.35 0.20 0.40 0.25 0.45 0.35

85 127 74 127 64 101 56 74

0.118

0.50 0.35

51 74

0.157

0.70 0.50

36 51

0.196

0.236

0.80 0.50 1.00 0.75

32 51 25 34

0.315

M10

0.393

M12

0.472

M14

0.551

M16

0.630

M18

0.709

M20

0.787

M22

0.866

M24

0.945

M27

1.063

1.25 1.00 1.50 1.25 1.75 1.25 2.00 1.50 2.00 1.50 2.50 1.50 2.50 1.50 2.50 1.50 3.00 2.00 3.00 2.00

20 25 17 20 14.5 20 12.5 17 12.5 17 10 17 10 17 10 17 8.5 12.5 8.5 12.5

80 64 72 56 64 48 56 40 48 40 44 32 40 32 36 24 32

20 28 18 24 16 24 14 20 13 20 11 18

10 16

9 14 8 12

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Tapping Recommendations Table A-2: Common Tap Drill Sizes – Inch Dia. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 1/4 5/16 3/8 7/16 1/2 9/16 5/8 3/4 7/8 1 1-1/4 1-1/2

Pitch UNC 64 56 48 40 40 32 32 24 20 18 16 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6

Drill Size Wire, Letter, in. Fractional 0.0595 0.0700 0.0785 0.0890 0.1015 0.1065 0.1360 0.1495 0.2040 0.2610 0.3130 0.3680 0.4219 0.4847 0.5469 0.6562 0.7656 0.8750 1.1094 1.3437

#53 #50 #47 #43 #38 #36 #29 #25 #6 G 5/16 U 27/64 31/64 35/64 21/32 49/64 7/8 1-7/64 1-11/32

Table A-3: Common Tap Drill Sizes – Metric Pitch UNF 80 72 64 56 48 44 40 36 32 28 24 24 20 20 18 18 16 14 12 12 12

Drill Size Wire, Letter, in. Fractional 0.0465 #56 0.0595 #53 0.0700 #50 0.0820 #45 0.0935 #42 0.1040 #37 0.1065 #33 0.1360 #29 0.1590 #21 0.2187 7/32 0.2720 I 0.3320 Q 0.3906 25/64 0.4531 29/64 0.5120 13mm 0.5780 37/64 0.6875 11/16 0.8125 13/16 0.9219 59/64 1.1719 1-11/64 1.4219 1-43/64

There are two basic factors to consider in tapped hole strength and cost. These are hole depth and tap drill diameters. The deeper the hole, the greater the tapping time and possibility of tool breakage. The smaller the tap drill diameter, the greater the power required to tap and possibility of tool breakage. Generally, the following minimum engagement lengths are used: • Hardened steel: 1 diameter • Soft steel and cast iron: 1.5 diameters • Aluminum and plastic: 2 diameters These values vary slightly depending on the percent of thread tapped.

Tap Chamfer

Drilled Hole Depth Min.

Drill Diameter M3 M4 M5 M6 M8 M10 M12 M16 M20 M24

Thread Pitch 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.25 1.5 1.75 2.0 2.5 3.0

2.5 3.3 4.2 5.0 6.7 8.5 10.2 14.0 17.5 21.0

Full Thread

6P: Machine Screw Sizes Plug Taps 3P: Fractional Sizes 2P: All Sizes –Bottoming Taps

Drilling Depths for Tapping Blind Holes The minimum depth of a drilled hole for tapping equals the full thread depth plus the number of turns P (pitch) for each style and size of tap.

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Hexagon Socket Gaging - Inch Gaging of Hexagon Sockets (Inch) Hexagon sockets in screws shall be such as to allow the GO member of the gage to enter freely to the minimum key engagement depths specified in the dimensional tables for the respective screw types.

Gages Gages shall be made from gage steel, hardened and tempered to HRC60 minimum. They shall be thermally stabilized and given suitable surface treatment to obtain maximum abrasion resistance.

For hexagon sockets which are not chamfered, the NOT GO gage member shall not enter any of the three across flat dimensions of socket for nominal socket sizes of 1/8" and larger and the hexagonal NOT GO gage member shall not enter the socket for nominal socket sizes smaller than 1/8".

The form of hexagonal gage members shall be within the tolerance zone specified. See American National Standard Engineering Drawing and Related Documentation Practices, Dimensioning and Tolerancing, ANSI Y14.5.

For chamfered hexagon sockets, the NOT GO gage member shall be permitted to enter only to a depth equivalent to 10% of the nominal socket size for nominal socket sizes up to and including 1/16", and to 7.5% of the nominal socket sizes for larger sockets.

The surface roughness on hexagon flats shall be 8 microinches (mathematical average) maxiumum. See American National Standard, Surface Texture, ANSI B46.1. The gage handles shall conform with American National Standard, Gage Blanks, ANSI B47.1.

Table A-4: Dimensions of Hexagon Sockets – Inch

Socket Size

J Socket Width Across Flats

Socket Size

J Socket Width Across Flats

Socket Size

J Socket Width Across Flats

nom.

dec.

max.

min.

nom.

dec.

max.

min.

nom.

dec.

max.

min.

1/16 5/64 3/32 7/64 1/8 9/64 5/32

0.028 0.035 0.050 0.062 0.078 0.094 0.078 0.125 0.141 0.156

0.0285 0.0355 0.0510 0.0635 0.0791 0.0952 0.1111 0.1270 0.1426 0.1587

0.028 0.035 0.050 0.062 0.078 0.094 0.078 0.125 0.141 0.156

3/16 7/32 1/4 5/16 3/8 7/16 1/2 9/16 5/8 3/4

0.188 0.219 0.250 0.312 0.375 0.438 0.500 0.562 0.625 0.750

0.1900 0.2217 0.2530 0.3160 0.3790 0.4420 0.5050 0.5680 0.6310 0.7570

0.1880 0.2190 0.2500 0.3120 0.3750 0.4380 0.5000 0.5620 0.6250 0.7500

7/8 1 1-1/4 1-1/2 1-3/4 2 2-1/4 2-1/2 2-3/4 3

0.875 1.000 1.250 1.500 1.750 2.000 2.250 2.500 2.750 3.000

0.855 1.020 1.270 0.153 1.785 2.040 2.295 2.450 2.805 3.060

0.875 1.000 1.250 1.500 1.750 2.000 2.250 2.500 2.750 3.000

Notes for Table A-4 1. Applicable socket depths are specified in the dimensional tables and notes for the respective screw types. 2. Sockets up to and including 1" nominal size shall be checked in accordance with the Hexagon Socket Gages and Gaging specified. Suitability of larger sockets shall be determined by means of direct measurement for various technical and economic reasons.

3. For broached sockets that are at or near the maximum limit of size, the overcut resulting from drilling shall not exceed 20 percent of the length of any flat of the socket on sizes up to and including 1" and 30 percent on large sockets. 4. Where hexagon sockets are chamfered, the depth of chamfer shall not exceed 10 percent of the nominal socket size for sizes up to and including 1/16", and 7.5 percent for larger sizes. For chamfered sockets, it is permissible for the NOT GO socket gage to enter the depth of the chamber.

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Hexagon Socket Gaging - Inch A Truncate or round to dimension

D GO XXXX

B GO Member

D NOT GO XXXX

F NOT GO Member

Size Mark (E Max.)

Size Mark (A Min.) D

E G

5° Chamfer Optional

GO Member Optional Construction for Small Sizes

NOT GO Member Optional Construction for Small Sizes

Truncate or round to dimension

Table A-5: Dimensions of Gages for Hexagon Sockets – Inch A

Socket Size

GO Gage Width GO Gage Width GO Gage Across Flats Across Corners Length

D Usable Gage Length

NOT GO Gage Width

NOT GO Gage Thickness

nom.

dec.

max.

min.

max.

min.

max.

min.

1/16 5/64 3/32 7/64 1/8 9/64 5/32 3/16 7/32 1/4 5/16 3/8 7/16 1/2 9/16 5/8 3/4 7/8 1

0.028 0.035 0.050 0.062 0.078 0.094 0.078 0.125 0.141 0.156 0.188 0.219 0.250 0.312 0.375 0.438 0.500 0.562 0.625 0.750 0.875 1.000

0.0281 0.0351 0.0501 0.0626 0.7820 0.0939 0.1096 0.1252 0.1408 0.1564 0.1877 0.2189 0.2502 0.3127 0.3752 0.4377 0.5002 0.5677 0.6252 0.7502 0.8752 1.0020

0.0280 0.0350 0.0500 0.0625 0.0718 0.0937 0.1094 0.1250 0.1416 0.1562 0.1875 0.2187 0.2500 0.3120 0.3750 0.4375 0.5000 0.5625 0.6250 0.7500 0.8750 1.0000

0.0316 0.0395 0.0562 0.0703 0.0882 0.1060 0.1240 0.1420 0.1595 0.1776 0.2137 0.2492 0.2848 0.3573 0.4288 0.5008 0.5718 0.6424 0.7150 0.8585 1.0025 1.4750

0.0314 0.0393 0.0560 0.0701 0.0880 0.1058 0.1238 0.1418 0.1593 0.1174 0.2135 0.2490 0.2845 0.3570 0.4285 0.5005 0.5715 0.6420 0.7146 0.8580 1.0020 1.1470

0.062 0.093 0.187 0.187 0.187 0.250 0.250 0.250 0.250 0.250 0.250 0.250 0.312 0.312 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.750 0.750 0.750 0.875 1.000

0.062 0.093 0.187 0.187 0.187 0.250 0.250 0.250 0.250 0.250 0.038 0.437 0.500 0.625 0.750 0.875 1.000 1.125 1.250 1.500 1.750 2.000

0.0285 0.0355 0.0510 0.0635 0.0791 0.0952 0.1111 0.1270 0.1426 0.1587 0.1900 0.2217 0.2530 0.3160 0.3790 0.4420 0.5050 0.5680 0.6310 0.7570 0.8850 1.0100

0.0284 0.0354 0.0509 0.0634 0.0790 0.0950 0.1109 0.1268 0.1424 0.1585 0.1898 0.2215 0.2528 0.3158 0.3788 0.4418 0.5048 0.5678 0.6308 0.7568 0.8848 1.0098

max.

0.057 0.064 0.071 0.088 0.102 0.117 0.150 0.180 0.211 0.241 0.269 0.302 0.364 0.423 0.489

min.

G NOT GO Gage Width Across Corners max.

min.

0.0308 0.0386 0.0550 0.0688 0.0862 0.1036 0.1212

0.0300 0.0381 0.0545 0.0683 0.0857 0.1301 0.1207

0.055 0.062 0.069 0.086 0.100 0.115 0.148 0.178 0.209 0.239 0.267 0.300 0.362 0.421 0.487

Notes for Table A-5: The gages specified herein are intended for use in determining the acceptability of sockets up to and including the 1" nominal hexagon socket size. Suitability of hexagon sockets of nominal sizes larger than 1" shall be determined by direct measurement for various technical and economical reasons.

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Hexagon Socket Gaging - Metric Gaging of Metric Sockets Acceptability of sockets shall be determined by the use of the hexagon socket gages specified. The hexagon sockets shall allow the GO member of the gage to enter freely to the minimum key engagement depth. The NOT GO gage member shall be permitted to enter only a depth equivalent to 10% of the nominal socket size for nominal socket sizes up to and including 1.5mm, and to 7.5% of the nominal socket sizes for larger sockets.

Edge of Socket The edge at junction of the socket with the face may be broken (rounded or chamfered) providing the depth of chamfer or rounding will not cause violation of the NOT GO gage penetration limits specified. Broached Sockets For hexagon broached sockets at or near the maximum limit of size, the overcut resulting from drilling shall not exceed 20% of the length of any flat of the socket.

To determine the acceptability of sockets in plated products after plating, a GO gage identical in design and tolerances to that shown except having a width across flats dimension equal to the nominal key size shall be employed.

Table A-6: Dimensions of Hexagon Sockets –Metric Nominal Socket Size 0.7 0.9 1.3 1.5 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 8 10 12 14 17 19 22 24 27 32 36

C Dimensions Across Corners

E NOT GO Gage Width max.

min.

0.724 0.902 1.295 1.545 2.045 2.560 3.071 4.084 5.084 6.095 8.115 10.127 12.146 14.159 17.216 19.243 22.319 24.319 27.319 32.461 36.461

0.711 0.889 1.270 1.520 2.020 2.520 3.020 1.020 5.020 6.020 8.025 10.025 12.032 14.032 17.050 19.605 22.065 24.065 27.065 32.080 36.080

0.803 1.003 1.427 1.730 2.300 2.870 3.440 4.580 5.720 6.860 9.150 11.500 13.800 16.090 19.560 21.870 25.310 27.600 31.040 36.800 41.380

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Hexagon Socket Gaging - Metric A Truncate or round to dimension

D GO XXXX

B GO Member

D NOT GO XXXX

F NOT GO Member

Size Mark (E Max.)

Size Mark (A Min.) D

E G

5° Chamfer Optional

GO Member Optional Construction for Small Sizes

NOT GO Member Optional Construction for Small Sizes

Truncate or round to dimension

Table A-7: Dimensions of Gages for Hexagon Sockets – Metric A

Socket Size

C GO GO Gage Width GO Gage Width Gage Across Flats Across Corners Length

D Usable Gage Length

NOT GO Gage Width

NOT GO Gage Thickness

nom.

dec.

max.

min.

max.

min.

max.

min.

0.7 0.9 1.3 1.5 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 8 10 12 14 17 19 22 24

0.714 0.892 1.273 1.523 2.023 2.525 3.025 4.025 5.025 6.025 8.030 10.030 12.037 14.037 17.055 19.070 22.070 24.070

0.711 0.889 1.270 1.520 2.020 2.520 3.020 4.020 5.020 6.020 8.025 10.025 12.032 14.032 17.050 19.065 22.065 24.065

0.711 0.889 1.270 1.520 2.020 2.520 3.020 1.020 5.020 6.020 8.025 10.025 12.032 14.032 17.050 19.605 22.065 24.065

0.803 1.003 1.427 1.730 2.300 2.870 3.440 4.580 5.720 6.860 9.150 11.500 13.800 16.090 19.560 21.870 25.310 27.600

0.798 0.998 1.422 1.725 2.295 2.865 3.435 4.575 5.715 6.855 9.145 11.495 13.795 16.085 19.555 21.865 25.305 27.595

1.5 2.4 4.7 5.0 5.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 8.0 8.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 19.0 19.0 22.0 25.0

1.5 2.4 5.0 5.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 12.0 16.0 20.0 24.0 28.0 34.0 38.0 44.0 48.0

0.724 0.902 1.295 1.545 2.045 2.560 3.071 4.084 5.084 6.095 8.115 10.127 12.146 14.159 17.216 19.243 22.319 24.319

0.721 0.899 1.293 1.543 2.043 2.554 3.006 4.079 5.079 6.091 8.109 10.122 12.141 14.154 17.211 19.238 23.314 24.314

Gages Gages shall be made from gage steel, hardened and tempered to HRC60 minimum. They shall be thermally stabilized and given suitable surface treatment to obtain maximum abrasion resistance. The form of hexagonal gage members shall be within the tolerance zone specified. See American National Standard Engineering Drawing and Related Documentation Practices, Dimensioning and Tolerancing, ANSI Y14.5.

max.

1.80 2.30 2.80 3.80 4.80 5.75 6.75 8.10 9.10 10.50 11.50

min.

G NOT GO Gage Width Across Corners max.

min.

0.782 0.980 1.397 1.680 2.230 2.790 3.350

0.770 0.968 1.364 1.660 2.210 2.770 3.330

1.75 2.25 2.75 3.75 4.75 5.70 6.70 8.05 9.05 10.45 11.45

The surface roughness on hexagon flats shall be 8 microinches (mathematical average) maximum. See American National Standard, Surface Texture, ANSI B46.1. The gage handles shall conform with American National Standard, Gage Blanks, ANSI B47.1.

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TORX PLUS® Socket Gaging - Inch & Metric The applicable penetration gaging depths for various sizes and styles of TORX PLUS socket head screws are specified in the dimensional tabulations for the respective screw types and/or the TORX PLUS Engineering Standards. Tamper-resistant TORX PLUS recesses are available in most head styles. Contact STANLEY Engineered Fastening Decorah Operations for application assistance. Gaging Two varieties of penetration gages for acceptance inspection purposes are available. The dial indicating the type as shown in Figure 1, and the hand plug type as depicted in Figure 2. The dial type is preferred, due to its ease of use and broader versatility. Gage members applicable to both types of gages are available.

Figure 1

Gaging Procedure All penetration gaging shall be performed relative to the top surface of the screw head. In the case of head styles having rounded top corners, measurements shall be taken from the actual intersection of the top surface of the head with the socket counterbore. Dial Type Gages The dial penetration gage shall be set at “zero” while the nose surface of gage is pressed flush against a flat surface. The GO gage member shall then be oriented such that it enters freely into the socket and with the nose of gage head pressed against the screw head, the penetration depth read directly on the dial. The gage member shall be rotated with respect to the socket so that a minimum of three adjacent lobes of the socket are engaged by a common lobe on the gage to unsure that all dimensions and radii are checked. All readings so taken shall be equal to or exceed the specified minimum GO gage penetration. Hand Plug Type Gages The GO gage member on hand type gages must be etched, step relieved, ground off to length or otherwise processed to properly demark the extent of the specified minimum penetration depth for the respective size and head style of the screw under inspection. Therefore, the hand-type gage members can not be used for various depths and screw head styles. The GO end of the gage shall be inserted, parallel to the axis of the screw, into the socket and shall enter freely to a depth such that the minimum penetration demarcation is flush with or below the top of the screw head. The gage member shall be rotated with respect to the socket so that a minimum of three adjacent lobes of socket are engaged by a common lobe on the gage to insure that all dimensions and radii are checked.

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Figure 2

Table A-8: Dimensions of TORX PLUS Sockets TORX PLUS Recess Size 6IP 7IP 8IP 9IP 10IP 15IP 20IP 25IP 27IP 30IP 40IP 45IP 50IP 55IP 60IP 70IP 80IP 90IP 100IP

A Ref. in.

0.069 0.081 0.094 0.101 0.111 0.132 0.155 0.178 0.200 0.221 0.266 0.312 0.352 0.446 0.529 0.619 0.700 0.795 0.880

1.75 2.06 2.39 2.57 2.82 3.35 3.94 4.52 5.08 5.61 6.76 7.92 8.94 11.33 13.44 15.72 17.75 20.19 22.40

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Fastener Strength and Grade Markings Fastener markings are designed to provide two important pieces of information: the specification to which the fastener was manufactured, and the manufacturer’s identification mark. On inch-sized socket screws, STANLEY Engineered Fastening’s identification may appear as “Camcar”. On metric-sized socket screws, it may appear as “12.9” or “Camcar 12.9”. Head markings of registered manufacturers can be found at www.uspto.gov/trademarks/law/fastener/fqa.jsp . Table A-9: Fastener Strength/Grade Markings – Inch Fastener Properties Identification Product Grade Mark Specifications Grade 2

Fastener Description

Mechanical Properties

Nominal Size Range

Bolts, screws, studs

Min. Tensile Strength

Min. Yield Strength

Proof Load

in.

Material

psi

1/4 through 3/4

Low or medium carbon steel

74,000

57,000

55,000

60,000

36,000

33,000

over 3/4 to 1-1/2 1/4 through 1

Grade 5

Bolts, screws, studs

Grade 8

Bolts, screws, studs

Socket Screw

Socket head cap screws

Medium carbon steel, 1 through 1-1/2 quenched and tempered Over 1-1/2 through 3

120,000

92,000

85,000

105,000

81,000

74,000

90,000

58,000

55,000

Medium carbon steel, quenched and tempered

150,000

130,000

120,000

180,000

162,000

140,000

170,000

153,000

135,000

1/4 through 1-1/2

Alloy steel, quenched and Over 1/2 through 2 tempered #0 through 1/2

• Denotes location of manufacturer’s I.D. Table A-10: Fastener Strength/Grade Markings – Metric Mechanical Properties Identification Grade Mark

Min. Tensile Strength Min. Yield Strength Proof Load

Product Specification

Fastener Description

Material

MPa

Class 5.8

Bolts, screws, studs

Low or medium carbon steel

520 (75,900 psi)

420

380

Class 8.8

Bolts, screws, studs

Medium carbon steel, quenched and tempered

830 (120,000 psi)

640

600

Class 10.9

Bolts, screws, studs

Medium carbon steel, quenched and tempered

1040 (150,000 psi)

1100

920

Class 12.9

Socket head cap screws

Alloy steel, quenched and tempered

1220

1100

920

• Denotes location of manufacturer’s I.D. Warning: Inch standard and metric Class 12.9 socket head cap screws are considered comparable. However, outside the United States, manufacturing of socket head cap screws to other classes is permitted. If your application requires property class 12.9 socket head cap screws, it is important that you verify with your supplier that what you are buying meets those specifications. Combining high-stressed socket screws joints with a corrosive environment increases the risk of stress corrosion failure. - 73 -

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Standard Hardness Conversion Tables Table A-11: Hardened Carbon Steel and Hard Alloys Rockwell C 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20

A 87.0 86.5 86.0 85.6 85.0 84.5 83.9 83.4 82.8 82.3 81.8 81.2 80.7 80.1 79.6 79.0 78.5 78.0 77.4 76.8 76.3 75.9 75.2 74.7 74.1 73.6 73.1 72.5 72.0 71.5 70.9 70.4 69.9 69.4 68.9 68.4 67.9 67.4 66.8 66.3 65.8 65.3 64.7 64.3 63.8 63.3 62.8 62.4 62.0 61.5 61.0 60.5

15-N 30-N 86.5 94.0 86.0 93.5 85.0 93.2 84.4 92.9 83.6 92.5 82.8 92.2 81.9 91.8 81.1 91.4 80.1 91.1 79.3 90.7 78.4 90.2 77.5 89.8 76.6 89.3 75.7 88.9 74.8 88.3 73.9 87.9 73.0 87.4 72.0 86.9 71.2 86.4 70.2 85.9 69.4 85.5 68.5 85.0 67.6 84.5 66.7 83.9 65.8 83.5 64.8 83.0 64.0 82.5 63.1 82.0 62.2 81.5 61.3 80.9 60.4 80.4 59.5 79.9 58.6 79.4 57.7 78.8 56.8 78.3 55.9 77.7 55.0 77.2 54.2 76.6 53.3 76.1 52.1 75.6 51.3 75.0 50.4 74.5 49.5 73.9 48.6 73.3 47.7 72.8 46.8 72.2 45.9 71.6 45.0 71.0 44.0 70.5 43.2 69.9 42.3 69.4 41.5

Knoop 500 GR 45-N and over 78.5 77.5 972 76.5 946 75.4 920 74.2 895 73.3 870 72.0 846 71.0 822 69.9 799 68.8 776 67.7 754 66.6 732 65.5 710 64.3 690 63.2 670 62.0 650 60.9 630 59.8 612 58.6 594 57.4 576 56.1 558 55.0 542 53.8 526 52.5 510 51.4 495 50.3 480 49.0 466 47.8 452 46.7 438 45.5 426 44.3 414 43.1 402 41.9 391 40.8 380 39.6 370 38.4 360 37.2 351 36.1 342 34.9 334 33.7 326 32.5 318 31.3 311 30.1 304 28.9 297 27.8 290 26.7 284 25.5 278 24.3 272 23.1 266 22.0 261 20.7 256 19.6 251

Brinell Tensile 3000 Strength KG† Approx.

615 595 577 560 543 525 512 496 481 469 455 443 432 421 409 400 390 381 371 362 353 344 336 327 319 311 301 294 286 279 271 264 258 253 247 243 237 231 226

301 292 283 273 264 255 246 237 229 222 215 208 201 194 188 181 176 171 168 162 157 153 149 145 142 138 135 132 128 125 122 120 117 114 112 110

Table A-12: Soft Carbon Steel Rockwell B 100 98 96 94 92 91 89 88 86 84 82 80 78 76 75 74 72 70 68 66 64 62 60 58 56 54 52 50 49 47 45 43 41 39 37 35 33 31 30

99.6 99.1 98.0 96.8 95.6 94.5 93.4 92.2 91.1 90.0 88.8 87.7 86.5 85.4 84.8 83.7 82.6 81.4 80.3 79.1 78.0 76.9 75.7 74.6 74.0

15-T 93.1 92.5 91.8 91.2 90.5 90.2 89.5 89.2 88.6 87.9 87.3 86.6 86.0 85.3 85.0 84.7 84.0 83.4 82.7 82.1 81.4 80.8 80.1 79.5 78.8 78.2 77.5 76.9 76.6 75.9 75.3 74.6 74.0 73.3 72.7 72.0 71.4 70.7 70.4

30-T 83.1 81.8 80.4 79.1 77.8 77.1 75.8 75.1 73.8 72.4 71.1 69.7 68.4 67.1 66.4 65.7 64.4 63.1 61.7 60.4 59.0 57.7 56.4 55.0 53.7 52.4 51.0 49.7 49.0 47.7 46.3 45.0 43.7 42.3 41.0 39.6 38.3 37.0 36.3

45-T 72.9 70.9 68.9 66.9 64.8 63.8 61.8 60.8 58.8 56.8 54.8 52.8 50.8 48.8 47.8 46.8 44.8 42.8 40.8 38.7 36.7 34.7 32.7 30.7 28.7 26.7 24.7 22.7 21.7 19.7 17.7 15.7 13.6 11.6 9.6 7.6 5.6 3.6 2.6

A 61.5 60.2 58.9 57.6 56.4 55.8 54.6 54.0 52.8 51.7 50.6 49.5 48.4 47.3 46.8 46.3 45.3 44.3 43.3 42.3 41.4 40.4 39.5 38.6 37.7 36.8 35.9 35.0 34.6 33.7 32.9 32.0 31.2 30.3 29.5 28.7 27.8 27.0 26.6

Knoop 500 GR Brinell Tensile* and 3000 Strength over KG† Approx. 251 240 116 241 248 109 231 216 103 221 205 98 211 195 93 206 190 91 196 180 87 192 176 85 184 169 83 176 162 78 170 156 76 164 150 73 158 144 152 139 150 137 147 135 143 130 139 125 135 121 131 117 127 114 124 110 120 107 117 104 114 101 111 109 107 106 104 102 100 98 96 94 92 90 88 87

Reference: ASTM E140

NOTES: † Tungsten carbide ball * Tensile strength is psi x 1000. These crossreference numbers hold for carbon steel only.

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Decarburization and Discontinuity Limits - Inch Reference Standard: ASTM A 574

decarburization HS .75 HS

.1 HS

Table A-13: Decarburization Limits – Inch 0.75 H Thread from Root Threads Height to Crest H5 per In. min. 80 0.008 0.006 72 0.009 0.007 64 0.010 0.008 56 0.011 0.008 48 0.013 0.010 44 0.014 0.011 40 0.015 0.011 36 0.017 0.013 32 0.019 0.014 28 0.022 0.017 24 0.026 0.020 20 0.031 0.023 18 0.034 0.026

O1 H at Root Threads max. per In. 0.001 16 0.001 14 0.001 13 0.001 12 0.001 11 0.001 10 0.002 9 0.002 8 0.002 7 0.002 6 0.003 5 0.003 4.5 0.003 4

0.75 H Thread from Root Height to Crest H5 min. 0.038 0.029 0.044 0.033 0.047 0.035 0.051 0.038 0.056 0.042 0.031 0.046 0.068 0.051 0.077 0.058 0.088 0.066 0.102 0.077 0.123 0.092 0.136 0.102 0.153 0.115

Socket Discontinuity Location and Limits NO CRACKS PERMITTED IN THIS AREA 0.10T Permissible – if not in excess of 0.25T in length

Not Permissible – on sidewall within 0.10T of bottom of socket T = Key Engagement

Permissible – if in bottom of socket/not in area of key engagement

Head and Body Discontinuity Limits Permissible

Permissible – does not extend more than half the distance between the periphery of the head and the socket

Permissible

Not Permissible – potential intersecting discontinuities

Not Permissible – connects socket and edge of head

Permissible discontinuity depths

O1 H at Root max.

Carburization or Decarburization – Inch There shall be no evidence of carburization or total decarburization on the surfaces of the heat treated screws when measured using optical or microhardness methods. The depth of partial decarburization shall be limited to the values in Table A-13 when measured as shown in the illustration above Table A-13.

0.004 0.004 0.005 0.005 0.006 0.006 0.007 0.008 0.009 0.010 0.012 0.014 0.015

Discontinuities Socket Depth of discontinuities in the socket area are allowed to a maximum depth of 0.03D or 0.005", whichever is greater, providing they do not affect the usability and performance of the screw. Head and Shank Discontinuities as defined above are permitted in the locations illustrated to the left to a maximum depth of 0.03D or 0.005", whichever is greater, in the bearing area, fillet and other surfaces. For peripheral discontinuities, a maximum depth of 0.06D, but not over 0.064" is permissible. These discontinuities are permitted providing they do not affect the usability and performance of the screw. All discontinuities are measured perpendicular to the indicated surface. Threads Threads shall have no laps at the root or in the flanks located below the pitch line. Laps are permissible at the thread crest to a depth of 25% of the basic thread height and on the thread flanks beyond the pitch diameter. Longitudinal seams in the threads are acceptable to a maximum depth of 0.03D or 0.005", whichever is greater. For additional information, reference ASTM A 574.

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Decarburization and Discontinuity Limits - Metric decarburization

Reference Standard: ASTM A 574M Carburization or Decarburization – Metric There shall be no evidence of carburization or total decarburization on the surfaces of the heat treated screws when measured using optical or microhardness methods. The depth of partial decarburization shall be limited to the values in Table A-14 when measured as shown in the illustration above Table A-14.

HS .75 HS

.1 HS

Table A-14: Decarburization Limits – Metric Thread Pitch

Discontinuities

0.75 H from Root to Crest

0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.70 0.80 1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.50 3.00

0.215 0.245 0.276 0.307 0.429 0.491 0.613 0.767 0.920 1.074 1.227 1.534 1.840

0.161 0.184 0.207 0.230 0.322 0.368 0.460 0.575 0.690 0.806 0.920 1.151 1.380

Socket Discontinuity Location and Limits

Socket Forging defects that connect the socket to the periphery of the head are not permissible. Defects originating on the periphery and with a transverse indicating a potential to intersect are not permissible. Other forging defects are permissible, provided those located in the bearing area, fillet and top surfaces to not exceed a depth of 0.03D or 0.13mm, whichever is greater. For peripheral discontinuities, the maximum depth may be 0.06D but not to exceed 1.6mm. Head and Body Seams in the shank shall not exceed a depth of 0.03D or 0.2mm, whichever is greater. No transverse discontinuities shall be permitted in the head-toshank fillet area.

Thread Height

NO CRACKS PERMITTED IN THIS AREA 0.10T Permissible – if not in excess of 0.25T in length

Not Permissible – on sidewall within 0.10T of bottom of socket T = Key Engagement

Permissible – if in bottom of socket/not in area of key engagement

Head and Body Discontinuity Limits Permissible

Threads Threads shall have no laps at the root or in the flanks located below the pitch line. Laps are permissible at the thread crest to a depth of 25% of the basic thread height and on the thread flanks beyond the pitch diameter. Longitudinal seams in the threads are acceptable to a maximum depth of 0.03D or 0.2mm, whichever is greater.

Permissible – does not extend more than half the distance between the periphery of the head and the socket

Not Permissible – connects socket and edge of head

Permissible

For additional information, reference ASTM A 574M. Not Permissible – potential intersecting discontinuities

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Permissible discontinuity depths

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Elements added to Camcar Socket Screws The steels used to manufacture Camcar socket screw combine carbon, iron and various other elements. These elements are added to improve the fasteners’ physical properties and characteristics. Typically, alloying elements are added to perform one or more of the following functions: improve heat response, achieve desired work hardening rate, and/or refine the grain structure. The effects of base elements iron and carbon, as well as the alloying elements added to Camcar socket screws, are outlined below. Base Elements Iron (Fe): Iron is the base for carbon and stainless steels. It is typically considered detrimental in aluminum, brass and other similar metals. Because pure iron does not provide sufficient strength or heat treat response and is soft and ductile, alloying elements are necessary.

Alloying Elements, continued Chromium (Cr): Chronium is an alloying element for both alloy and stainless steels. This additive is designed to increase strength, toughness, hardness and wear resistance. At high temperatures, it helps resist corrosion and scaling. If a steel has over 4% chromium content, it may be considered a stainless steel.

Carbon (C): The carbon element in steel provides strength, hardness and wear resistance. It is found in both alloys and stainless steels. If the carbon content of stainless steel is too high, it can negatively effect the steel’s ability to resist corrosion. Carbon steel fasteners fall into the following groups:

Columbium (Cb): Columbium, used in some microalloys, is also called niobium. It refines the grain structure of the material in order to improve heat treat response and work hardening rates.

1. Low carbon: This material has low carbon content, typically less than 0.3%, and provides poor heat treat response in large diameter parts. Carbon content is sufficient for properly heat treating smaller diameter parts. Typically used in low strength applications. 2. Medium carbon: This material has sufficient carbon content, typically over 0.3%, to allow heat treatment for higher tensile strength. However, since it contains no alloying elements, as the size of the fastener increases, the strength of the fastener decreases because it can’t be hardened to full depth. 3. Alloy steel: Carbon steel fasteners are considered an alloy steel when they contain a specified minimum level of manganese, silicon, copper, aluminum, boron, columbium, molybdenum, chromium, nickel, titanium, vanadium and/or any other element added to achieve a specific effect. Also, the chromium content is less than 4%. If it is more than 4%, then it is stainless steel. The elements following are added to attain specific physical properties. Alloying Elements Aluminum (Al): Added to alloy steels, aluminum restricts grain growth and control grain size in nonheat-treatable stainless steels. When used in nitriding steels in amounts of 1 – 1.25%, it produces uniformly hard and strong nitrided case. Boron (B): Boron is a very effective and economical additive for improving heat treat response in alloy steels. It is added in amounts as small as 0.003%. If boron has been added to the raw material, the letter “B” will appear in the name. For example, 4037 steel is designated 40B37 when it contains boron.

Copper (Cu): Copper in small amounts is found in materials such as 302HQ stainless steel and is the major element in brass and other similar materials. It is added for increased strength and resistance to corrosion. Manganese (Mn): Manganese is considered a universal element since it is a key ingredient in virtually all steels. It improves tensile strength, hardness, response to heat treat and surface quality. Molybdenum (Mo): Molybdenum is added to both alloy and stainless steels. It increases strength, toughness, hardness, response to heat treat, machinability and corrosion resistance. Also, molybdenum enhances the effects of other alloying elements. Nickel (Ni): Used in alloy and stainless steels, nickel increases strength and hardness and assures more consistent results from heat treat. In high-chromium content stainless steels, it helps to resist corrosion and scaling at high temperatures. Nitrogen (N): Used in some alloys, microalloys and stainless steels, nitrogen significantly increases work hardening rates. In some alloy steels with aluminum or chromium content, it acts as a nitriding or carbonitriding agent to provide an extremely hard case after heat treat. Silicon (Si): Like manganese, silicon is a universal element. It increases strength, hardness and formability. Sulfur (S): Sulfur is added to 430F stainless steel and other steels, with manganese, to approve machinability. Titanium (Ti): Titanium is used in some microalloys and stainless steels for resistance to carbide precipitation. Vanadium (V): An additive for some alloys and microalloys, vanadium increases strength and hardness, while improving toughness and high temperature mechanical properties.

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Finish Selection

Electroplated copper, nickel or chrome Zinc phosphate and oil compounds Macro zinc phosphate and polymer or oil film Zinc phosphate and organic paints and oils Zinc phosphate and zinc-rich and aluminum coats (organic/inorganic and chromates) Mechanically-cleaned steel with aluminum organic/inorganic and chromates Multi-layered electroplate and organic/inorganic cover coats (with or without chormates)

Cost

Availability

Appearance

Health-problem Avoidance

Automation Compatibility

Temperature Resistance

Damage Resistance

Thickness Uniformity

•

Torque-Tension Scatter

Electro-plated zinc with chromate

Poor

Galvanic Corrosion

• Average • Good

Corrosion Resistance

Table A-15: Finish Selection

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

NOTE: Heat treated fasteners with platings such as electroplatings and zinc are susceptible to hydrogen-assisted failures. If your application requires these types of platings, please contact the application specialists at our Decorah Operations to discuss the concerns related to hydrogen failures and thread fit, as well as proper finish selection. Galvanic Corrosion Galvanic corrosion occurs when two dissimilar metals are in contact with an electrolyte, which is a medium through which an electrical current can flow. The rate of corrosion depends on the difference in electrical potential, or anodic-cathodic relationship, of the metals in the joint as defined by the Galvanic Series (see table at right). A highly anodic material in contact with a highly cathodic material will corrode much more quickly than two highly cathodic materials or when the materials used are closer together in the Galvanic Series. When corrosion does occur, the anodic material is the most likely to corrode, whereas the cathodic material is the least likely to corrode. To reduce the likelihood of galvanic corrosion in a fastened joint, it is recommended the designer choose materials that are grouped together in the Galvanic Series chart. If that is not possible, other recommendations are 1. Select materials which are as close together in the chart as possible 2. Provide a barrier between the two metals, such as paint, non-metallic washer or gasket 3. Design the fastener as the cathode so the cathodic area is small compared to the anodic area 4. Use a metallic finish on the fastener that is close on the chart to the mating material. - 78 -

Galvanic Series Anodic End (Most likely to corrode) Magnesium Magnesium alloys Zinc Aluminum 1100 Aluminum 2024-T4 Steel or Iron Cast Iron Chromium-Iron (active) Ni-Resist Cast Iron 300 Series Stainless Steels (active) Nickel (active) Inconel Nickel-Chromium Alloy (active) Hastelloy Alloy C (active) Brasses Copper Bronzes Copper-Nickel Alloys Nickel (passive) Inconel Nickel-Chromium Alloy (passive) Chromium-Iron (passive) 300 Series Stainless Steels (passive) Hastelloy Alloy C (passive) Silver Titanium Gold Platinum Cathodic End (Least likely to corrode)

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Nylon Locking Elements The nylon locking method consists of a nylon patch, strip or pellet, permanently bonded onto or embedded into the threads of any fastener. Whether your application requires patch, pellet or strip, this method provides a degree of holding power not otherwise possible. The principle is the same for all three types. When mating threads are engaged, the tough, resilent nylon element is compressed, and, with all the clearances thereby closed, a strong counterforce is established. This creates a metal-to-metal contact, which not only locks, but also sets up a positive resistance to vibration.

How a Nylon Locking Element Works Lock • A pellet, strip or patch extends from the fastener thread. • As the mating threads engage, the element is compressed and a counterforce is generated, which locks the fastener in place. • The screw will remain locked even after repeated use.

metal-to-metal contact

The nylon element allows an excellent degree of re-usability for the system. It retains its high strength properties at temperatures up to 250° F. It is also virtually unaffected by alcohol, gasoline, caustic soda and most commercial solvents. This element can be added to standard parts or built into any special fasteners as needed. STANLEY Engineered Fastening applications specialists can recomment the proper locking method for any specific application, based on such factors as type of material, complexity of the parts, hardness, wall thickness, etc.

Adjust • Nylon locking elements keep the fastener in place, whether the screw is seated or not. • The positive locking action along with the resilency of the nylon material prevent the fastener from shaking loose or backing out. • Accurate adjustments are easy to make without sacrificing the nylon element’s locking capability.

Table A-16: Prevailing Torque Per IFI-124 (External Threads) Thread Size

Initial Installation

Inch

max.

min.

0 2 4 6 8 10 1/4 5/16

0.75 2 5 8 12 18 40 85

1.5* 3* 1 2 2.5 3 5 8

Thread Size

Initial Installation

min.

Inch

max.

min.

0.5* 1.5* 0.5 1 1.5 2 3 5

3/8 7/16 1/2 9/16 5/8 3/4 7/8 1

110 150 220 270 350 460 700 900

14 20 26 35 45 60 95 100

9 12 16 22 30 45 65 85

First Removal Fifth Removal

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First Removal Fifth Removal

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Basic Fastener Terminology

Bearing Surface: Supporting or locating surface of a fastener which seats against the part it is fastening.

Crack: A clean, crystalline fracture which passes through or across the grain boundaries without inclusion of foreign elements.

Major Diameter: On external threads, the thread’s largest or outside width.

Minor Diameter: On external threads, the thread’s smallest or inside width. Body: The unthreaded portion of a fastener, also called the shank.

Body Diameter: Width of the unthreaded portion of the shank. Bolt: Typically, an externallythreaded fastener which requires a nut in order to secure a joint.

Case Hardened: Heat treated fastener in which the surface is harder than the core.

Chamfer Angle: The slope of a beveled edge on the fastener, measured from the normal to the axis of the fastener. Clamp Load: The amount of pressure in a fastened joint in service. This may vary during service life.

Elongation: The stretching of a bolt along its axis during tensile loading.

Fatigue Strength: The ability of a fastener to resist fracture when subjected to cyclic variations in stress.

Fillet: The concave junction of two intersecting surfaces of a fastener. Fit: The resulting range of tightness which may occur due to the application of tolerances and allowances in the mating joint members.

Load Flank: The top portion of each thread which applies the clamp load pressure to the mating threads.

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Pitch Diameter: The measurement in which the distance across the grooves is equal to the distance across the threads. Preload: The amount of force put on a fastener once assembly is complete. Proof Load: The amount of force a bolt can withstand before permanent plastic deformation will occur. Rockwell Hardness Test: Procedure designed to measure the hardness of the fastener, given in an alphanumerical scale. The higher the number, the harder the fastener. Socket screws are typically in the “C” scale, which is the hardest Rockwell designation, but the scale designation is dependent on the size of the socket screw. ASTM standards require socket screws products meet specific Rockwell Hardness standards. Rockwell test are utilized to test for decarburization and carburization and to determine the amount of resistance to permanent deformation during the testing procedure. They also assure that heat treating was performed to the specification.

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Basic Fastener Terminology

Runout Thread: The thread section that is between the last scratch of the thread and the fillet or body. Screw: Typically an externallythreaded fastener which does not require a nut in order to secure a fastened joint.

Seam: A narrow, noncrystalline, continuous discontinuity, which is generally inherent in the raw material. Seams are usually straight or smooth-curved line discontinuities running parallel to the product axis.

Shank: The unthreaded portion of a fastener, also called the body.

Shear Strength: Resistance to transverse loading. Transverse loads should only be applied to a dowel pin or the unthreaded section of a screw; otherwise, thread deformation will occur. Shear strength is measured in terms of pounds (lb.) or kilonewtons (kN).

Through Hardened: Heat treated fastener with uniform hardness from the surface to the core.

Torsion: Twisting force applied to a fastener, parallel to the axis. Yield

Socket Depth: The distance measured parallel to the fastener axis from the top of the head to the extreme end of the recess.

Tensile Strength: The maximum load in tension (stretching) that a part can carry without failure. Expressed in pounds per square inch (psi) or megapascals (MPa).

Stress

Root: The base of the V thread. This is the weakest point on a fastener, because it has the smallest cross-sectional area.

Strain 0.2%

Yield Strength: Measurement of the resistance of material to plastic deformation. When a bolt is stretched, yield strength is the point where the bolt will not return to its original length following testing. It is measured in pounds per square inch (psi) or megapascals (MPa). Yield strength is often determined by the offset method illustrated above.

Tensile Stress Area: The selected area or areas used to calculate the tensile strength of an externally threaded fastener, so the fastener strength is consistent with the material strength. It corrects for the notch and helix effect of the threads and is a function of the pitch and minor diameters.

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List of Tables Inch Standards

Metric Standards

I-1: Unified Series Class 3A Thread Standards.........................12 I-2: Unified Series Class 2A Thread Standards.........................12

M-1: Tolerance Grade and Position Designations.................. 44 M-2: External Thread-Limiting Dimensions for M Profile........45 M-3: Limit Values for M Profile Minimum Rounded Root Radius.....................................................45

I-3:

Dimensions of Socket Head Cap Screws............................13 I-4: Dimensions of Underhead Fillets.................................14 I-5: Body and Grip Length.................................................15 I-6: Screws Beyond Sizes In Table I-5................................16 I-7: Functional Limits for Run-Out.....................................16 I-8: Mechanical Properties................................................17 I-9: Performance Data.......................................................17 I-10: Torque – Tension Data...............................................18 I-11: Mechanical Properties – Stainless Steel.....................19 I-12: Drill and Counterbore Sizes.......................................20

M-4:

Dimensions of Socket Head Cap Screws.........................46 M-5: Dimensions of Underhead Fillets............................47 M-6: Body and Grip Length............................................48 M-7: Functional Limits for Runout of Head, Body and Thread..................................................49 M-8: Screws Beyond Sizes in Table M-6.........................49 M-9: Drill and Counterbore Sizes....................................50 M-10: Mechanical and Application Data........................50

M-11: Dimensions of Button Head Cap Screws........................51 M-12: Mechanical and Application Data........................52

I-13: Dimensions of Socket Head Shoulder Screws.....................21 I-14: Material, Mechanical and Application Data..............22

M-13: Dimensions of Flat Countersunk Head Cap Screws.........53 M-14: Body and Grip Length..........................................54 M-15: Screws Beyond Sizes in Table M-13......................55 M-16: Drill and Counterbore Sizes..................................56 M-17: Mechanical and Application Data........................56

I-15: Dimensions of Socket Button Head Cap Screws................23 I-16: Mechanical and Application Data.............................24 I-17: Dim. of Socket Flange Button Head Cap Screws........25 I-18: Dimensions of Socket Low Head Cap Screws.....................26 I-19: Mechanical and Application Data.............................27

M-18: Dimensions of Cup Point Socket Set Screws....................57 M-19: Dia. of Cup Point Socket Set Screw Points...........58 M-20: Mechanical and Application Data........................58

I-20: Dim. of Socket Flat Countersunk Head Cap Screws...........28 I-21: Body and Grip Length................................................30 I-22: Screws Beyond Sizes In Table I-21.............................30 I-23: Mechanical and Application Data.............................31

M-21: Dimensions of Hex Keys and Bits.....................................60 M-22: Torsional Strength of Hex Keys.............................61 M-23: Applicability of Keys and Bits...............................61

I-24: Dimensions of Socket Set Screws......................................32 I-25: Application Data.......................................................34

M-24: Dimensions of TORX PLUS Keys and Bits.........................62 M-25: Torsional Strength of TORX PLUS Keys.................63 M-26: Applicability of TORX PLUS Keys and Bits............63

I-26: Dimensions of Hardened Ground Machine Dowel Pins.....36 I-27: Mechanical and Application Data.............................37 I-28: Dimensions of Hex Keys and Bits.......................................38 I-29: Applicability of Hex Keys and Bits.............................39 I-30: Torsional Strength.....................................................39

Appendix A-1: Diameter/Thread Pitch Comparison.................................66 A-2: Common Tap Drill Sizes – Inch.........................................67 A-3: Common Tap Drill Sizes – Metric......................................67

I-31: Dimensions of TORX PLUS Drive Keys and Bits..................40 I-32: Applicability of TORX PLUS Keys and Bits.................41 I-33: Torsional Strength of TORX PLUS Keys......................41

A-4: A-5: A-6: A-7: A-8:

Dimensions of Hexagon Sockets – Inch............................68 Dimensions of Gages for Hexagon Sockets – Inch...........69 Dimensions of Hexagon Sockets – Metric........................70 Dimensions of Gages for Hexagon Sockets – Metric........71 Dimensions of TORX PLUS Sockets..................................72

A-9: Fastener Strength/Grade Markings – Inch........................73 A-10: Fastener Strength/Grade Markings – Metric....................73 A-11: Hardened Carbon Steel & Hard Alloys Conversion Table..74 A-12: Soft Carbon Steel Conversion Table.................................74 A-13: Decarburization Limits – Inch..........................................75 A-14: Decarburization Limits – Metric.......................................76 A-15: Finish Selection................................................................78 A-16: Prevailing Torque Per IFI-124 (External Threads)..............79 - 82 -

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Notes

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© 2015 Stanley Black & Decker, Inc., PTF SSTM, Rev. 12.2015 Camcar ®, Raycarl®, TORX®, TORX PLUS® are trademarks of Acument Intellectual Properties LLC. Data shown is subject to change without prior notice as a result of continuous product development and improvement policy. The information in this catalog is not to be considered a specification. Your local STANLEY Engineered Fastening representative is at your disposal should you need to confirm latest information.

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